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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2024-34-3-90-98</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-1081</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ШКОЛА ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИИ, ГЕПАТОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NATIONAL COLLEGE OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, HEPATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль дуоденогастроэзофагеального рефлюкса в прогрессировании гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни: от эзофагита  до аденокарциномы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Role of Duodenogastroesophageal Reflux in the Progression of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: From Esophagitis to Adenocarcinoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0960-1166</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сторонова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Storonova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сторонова Ольга Андреевна — кандидат медицинских наук, врач отделения функциональной диагностики Клиники пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии им. В.Х. Василенко</p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Storonova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Physician at the Department of Functional Diagnostics, V.Kh. Vasilenko Clinic of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Hepatology</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, build. 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">storonova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1662-2352</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Параскевова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paraskevova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Параскевова Анна Владимировна — кандидат медицинских наук, врач отделения функциональной диагностики Клиники пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии им. В.Х. Василенко</p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Paraskevova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Physician at the Department of Functional Diagnostics, V.Kh. Vasilenko Clinic of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Hepatology</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, build. 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">paraskevova_a_v@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1390-2981</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макушина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makushina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макушина Анастасия Алексеевна — аспирант кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии</p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiia A. Makushina — Postgraduate at the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Hepatology</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, build. 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makushina_a_a@student.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сторонова О.А., Параскевова А.В., Макушина А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сторонова О.А., Параскевова А.В., Макушина А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Storonova O.A., Paraskevova A.V., Makushina A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1081">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1081</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: представить данные о роли желчных кислот в прогрессировании пищевода Баррета (ПБ) и развитии дисплазии и аденокарциномы пищевода (АКП) и дать обоснование применению урсодезоксихолевой кислоты дополнительно к базовой терапии у пациентов с гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезнью (ГЭРБ).</p></sec><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения. Распространенность ГЭРБ в мире составляет 13,98 %. При отсутствии необходимого лечения или несоблюдении рекомендованных схем и длительности приема препаратов развиваются такие осложнения ГЭРБ, как стриктура, кровотечение, ПБ, который, в свою очередь, является фактором риска развития АКП. Базовой терапией ГЭРБ являются ингибиторы протонной помпы (ИПП), однако до 40 % пациентов не отвечают полностью на монотерапию ИПП, что свидетельствует о необходимости учитывать среди факторов патогенеза ГЭРБ персистенцию слабокислых и слабощелочных рефлюксов, наличие которых возможно диагностировать при проведении суточной рН-импедансометрии. Доказано, что рефлюктат имеет преимущественно кислый характер у 50 % больных ГЭРБ, кислый с желчным компонентом — у 39,7 %, и 10,3 % пациентов имеют желчный рефлюкс. Слабощелочной характер рефлюктата, обусловленный наличием дуоденального содержимого, достоверно увеличивает частоту развития кишечной метаплазии с дисплазией и АКП по сравнению с кислыми значениями рН. Следовательно, купирование дуоденального рефлюкса может быть важным этапом профилактики развития АКП. Среди компонентов дуоденального содержимого, оказывающего повреждающее действие на слизистую оболочку пищевода, наиболее изучена роль желчных кислот. Присутствие гидрофобных желчных кислот, а именно дезоксихолевой кислоты (ДХК), связано с окислительным повреждением ДНК в очагах цилиндроклеточной метаплазии кишечного типа. Урсодезоксихолевая кислота (УДХК), гидрофильная желчная кислота, является природным конкурентным ингибитором ДХК и предотвращает повреждение ДНК и активацию ядерного фактора-κB (NF-κB), вызванные токсичными желчными кислотами в эпителиальных клетках пищевода при ПБ. Цитопротективный эффект УДХК, направленный на предотвращение повреждения ДНК и повышение репаративной возможности клеток в метаплазированном эпителии ПБ, позволяет рассматривать этот препарат в качестве средства химиопрофилактики у пациентов с диагнозом ГЭРБ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Добавление к базовой терапии препаратов УДХК патогенетически обосновано у пациентов с ГЭРБ в случае наличия дуоденогастроэзофагеального рефлюкса. Назначение комплексной терапии снизит частоту развития эрозивного эзофагита, прогрессирования ПБ с развитием дисплазии и аденокарциномы, обусловленных воздействием желчных кислот.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to present data on the role of bile acids in the progression of Barrett's esophagus (BE) and the development of esophageal dysplasia and adenocarcinoma and to provide a rationale for the use of ursodeoxycholic acid in addition to basic therapy in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).</p></sec><sec><title>Key points</title><p>Key points. The prevalence of GERD in the world is 13.98 %. In the absence of the necessary treatment or non-compliance with the recommended regimens and duration of drug use, complications of GERD develop such as stricture, bleeding, BE, which, in turn, is a risk factor for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The basic therapy for GERD is proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), but up to 40 % of patients do not fully respond to PPI monotherapy, which indicates the need to consider, among the factors in the pathogenesis of GERD, the persistence of weakly acidic and weakly alkaline refluxes, the presence of which can be diagnosed by performing 24-hour impedance-pH monitoring. It has been proven that refluxate is predominantly acidic in nature in 50 % of patients with GERD, acidic with a bile component in 39.7 %, and 10.3 % of patients have bile reflux. The weaklly alkaline nature of reflux, due to the presence of duodenal contents, significantly increases the incidence of intestinal metaplasia with dysplasia and EAC compared to acidic pH values. Therefore, stopping duodenal reflux may be an important step in preventing the development of EAC. Among the components of duodenal contents that have a damaging effect on the mucous membrane of the esophagus, the role of bile acids has been most studied. The presence of hydrophobic bile acids, namely deoxycholic acid (DCA), is associated with oxidative DNA damage in lesions of intestinal-type columnar cell metaplasia. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a hydrophilic bile acid, is a natural competitive inhibitor of DCA and prevents DNA damage and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation caused by toxic bile acids in BE epithelial cells. The cytoprotective effect of UDCA, aimed at preventing DNA damage and increasing the reparative capacity of cells in the metaplastic epithelium of the BE, allows us to consider this drug as a means of chemoprophylaxis in patients diagnosed with GERD.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The addition of UDCA drugs to the basic therapy is pathogenetically justified in patients with GERD in the presence of duodenogastroesophageal reflux. Prescribing complex therapy will reduce the incidence of esophagitis, progression of BE with the development of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma caused by exposure to bile acids. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дуоденогастроэзофагеальный рефлюкс</kwd><kwd>желчная кислота</kwd><kwd>гастроэзофагеальная рефлюксная болезнь</kwd><kwd>пищевод Баррета</kwd><kwd>аденокарцинома</kwd><kwd>рН-импедансометрия</kwd><kwd>урсодезоксихолевая кислота.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>duodenogastroesophageal reflux</kwd><kwd>bile acid</kwd><kwd>gastroesophageal reflux disease</kwd><kwd>Barrett's esophagus</kwd><kwd>esophageal adenocarcinoma</kwd><kwd>impedance-pH monitoring</kwd><kwd>ursodeoxycholic acid</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nirwan J.S., Hasan S.S., Babar Z.U, Conway B.R., Ghori M.U. 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