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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2024-34-5-32-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-1164</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Собственный опыт применения технологий искусственного интеллекта в диагностике ахалазии кардии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Own Experience in the Use of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in the Diagnosis of Esophageal Achalasia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0960-1166</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сторонова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Storonova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сторонова Ольга Андреевна* — кандидат медицин ских наук, врач отделения функциональной диагностики Клиники пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии им. В.Х. Василенко.</p><p>119435, Москва, ул. Погодинская, 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Storonova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Physician of the Functional Diagnostics Department, V.Kh. Vasilenko Clinic of Internal Diseases Propaedeutics, Gastroenterology and Hepatology.</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, build. 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">storonova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4322-0110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каневский</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanevskii</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каневский Николай Игоревич — ординатор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии,.</p><p>119435, Москва, ул. Погодинская, 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai I. Kanevskii — Resident at the Department of Internal Disease Propaedeutics, Gastroenterology and Hepatology.</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, build. 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kanevskiy_n_i@student.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3362-2968</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трухманов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trukhmanov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трухманов Александр Сергеевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии.</p><p>119435, Москва, ул. Погодинская, 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander S. Trukhmanov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor at the Department of Internal Disease Propaedeutics, Gastroenterology and Hepatology.</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, build. 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">trukhmanov_a_s@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6815-6015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкин</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkin</surname><given-names>V. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивашкин Владимир Трофимович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии.</p><p>119435, Москва, ул. Погодинская, 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir T. Ivashkin — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Hepatology.</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, build. 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivashkin_v_t@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сторонова О.А., Каневский Н.И., Трухманов А.С., Ивашкин В.Т., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сторонова О.А., Каневский Н.И., Трухманов А.С., Ивашкин В.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Storonova O.A., Kanevskii N.I., Trukhmanov A.S., Ivashkin V.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1164">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1164</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить значение, роль и диагностические возможности искусственного интеллекта при диагностике заболеваний пищевода, продемонстрировать модель машинного обучения, обеспечивающую оптимизацию дифференциальной диагностики ахалазии кардии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 75 пациентов (52 % мужчин и 48 % женщин, сред ний возраст которых составил 44,5 ± 17,8 и 45,6 ± 16,6 года соответственно) с предварительным диагнозом ахалазия кардии (АК). При проведении манометрии пищевода высокого разрешения были оценены давле ние покоя нижнего пищеводного сфинктера (НПС), суммарное давление расслабления НПС, давление по коя верхнего пищеводного сфинктера (ВПС), остаточное давление ВПС, латентный период дистального сегмента, длина разрыва сокращения, интегральная сократимость дистального сегмента, одномоментное повышение давления в пищеводе, наличие перистальтических сокращений, в соответствии с которыми пациенты были распределены на 4 группы: АК I типа, АК II типа, АК III типа и группа обследованных с диагнозом, не соответствующим ахалазии кардии. На совокупности данных 750 глотков и, соответственно, 6750 манометрических параметров модели искусственного интеллекта DecisionTreeClassifier, RandomForestClassifier и CatBoostClassifier обучались устанавливать манометрический диагноз по основным манометрическим показателям. Критериями сравнения выступили время обучения и метрика f1_score. Технические характеристики модели (гиперпараметры) подбирались методом GridSearchCV. Модель с наилучшими результатами была интегрирована в веб-приложение.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При сравнении по лучшим показателям была выбрана модель RandomForestClassifier. Ее техническими характеристиками служили «решающие деревья» и глубина ветвления, число которых составило 14 и 5 соответственно. За 27 секунд данные гиперпараметры позволили достигнуть f1_score = 0,91 при максимально возможном значении 1,0. Разработанное на основе этой модели веб-приложение при анализе данных манометрического исследования устанавливает у пациентов один из трех типов АК или исключает диагноз ахалазии кардии. Каждый манометрический тип заболевания сопровождается выводом изображения, соответствующего поставленному диагнозу.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Впервые в России в Клинике пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии им. В.Х. Василенко Сеченовского Университета на основании данных манометрии пищевода высокого разрешения была разработана модель машинного обучения, примененная для создания веб-приложения и способная обосновать манометрический диагноз пациента по введенным показателям. В Федеральной службе по интеллектуальной собственности (Роспатент) получено свидетельство о государственной регистрации программы для ЭВМ № 2024665795 от 05.07.2024 г. Эта программа искусственного интеллекта может быть применена в клинической практике в качестве инструмента, обеспечивающего поддержку принятия врачебного решения с целью оптимизации процесса дифференциальной диагностики ахалазии кардии и более раннего выявления заболевания, определения прогноза пациента, а также выбора метода его дальнейшего лечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to demonstrate an artificial intelligence model that optimises the differential diagnosis of achalasia.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 75 patients: 52 % men (mean age 44.5 ± 17.8 years) and 48 % women (mean age 45.6 ± 16.6 years,) with a preliminary diagnosis of achalasia. Patients were divided into four groups: type I, II, III achalasia and a group of patients whose results did not correspond to a diagnosis of achalasia according to HRM performed based on Chicago Classification version 4.0. On the basis of a set of data from 750 swallows and therefore 6750 manometric parameters, the artificial intelligence models DecisionTreeClassifier, RandomForestClassifier and CatBoostClassifier have been trained to provide a manometric diagnosis. The comparison criteria were the training time and the f1_score metric. The technical characteristics of the model (hyperparameters) were selected using the GridSearchCV method. The model with the best results was integrated into a web application.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The RandomForestClassifier was chosen as the best performing model to compare. Its technical characteristics were “decision trees” and branching depth the number of which was 14 and 5 respectively. With a maximum possible value of 1.0, these hyperparameters achieved f1_score=0.91 in 27 seconds. The web application, developed on the basis of this model, is capable of analyzing manometric data and establishing one of three types of achalasia in patients. Alternatively, it can exclude the diagnosis of achalasia. The output of an image corresponding to the diagnosis is produced for each manometric type of the disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. For the first time in Russia, a machine learning model based on high-resolution esophageal manometry data was developed at the V. Kh. Vasilenko Clinic of Internal Disease Propedeutics, Gastroenterology, and Hepatology of Sechenov University. The model has been applied to the creation of a web application which has the ability to substantiate the manometry diagnosis of patients. The Federal Service for Intellectual Property (Rospatent) issued a certificate of state registration of the computer program No. 2024665795 dated July 5, 2024. This artificial intelligence programme can be used in clinical practice as a medical decision support tool to optimize the process of differential diagnosis of achalasia and early detection of the disease, to determine the patient's prognosis and to select the method of further treatment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>ахалазия кардии</kwd><kwd>манометрия пищевода высокого разрешения</kwd><kwd>функциональная диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>achalasia</kwd><kwd>high-resolution esophageal manometry</kwd><kwd>functional diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черкасов Д.Ю., Иванов В.В. Машинное обучение. 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