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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-1191</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕПАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEPATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хронический гепатит В и риск повреждения почек</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chronic hepatitis B and risk of kidney involvement</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маевская</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mayevskaya</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихонов</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhonov</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкин</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkin</surname><given-names>V. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State educational government-financed institution of higher professional education «Sechenov First Moscow state medical university», Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>05</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маевская М.В., Тихонов И.Н., Ивашкин В.Т., 2013</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маевская М.В., Тихонов И.Н., Ивашкин В.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mayevskaya M.V., Tikhonov I.N., Ivashkin V.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1191">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1191</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель обзора. Представить данные о причинах, патогенезе, клинических проявлениях и прогнозе поражения почек при хроническом гепатите В (ХГВ).Основные положения. Поражение почек при хроническом гепатите В можно рассматривать с нескольких позиций. В первую очередь, это ВГВ-ассоциированный гломерулонефрит, развивающийся как системное проявление инфекции и представленный, как правило, мембранозной нефропатией у детей и мезангиокапиллярным гломерулонефритом у взрослых, у 30% которых развивается хроническая почечная недостаточность (ХПН), а 10% требуется программный гемодиализ. Кроме того, поражение почек могут вызывать сами лекарственные средства, применяющиеся в лечении ХГВ, за счет прямой нефротоксичности таких препаратов, как адефовир или тенофовир, развития интерферон-индуцированного гломерулонефрита и др.Известна связь с инфицированием вирусом гепатита В (ВГВ) узелкового периартериита – некротизирующего васкулита, ишемической нефропатии.Важное значение проблема ХГВ имеет и у лиц, находящихся на заместительной терапии – гемодиализе или после трансплантации почек. Большинству инфицированных пациентов из этой категории показано проведение противовирусной терапии, возможности которой, вместе с тем, ограничены исходно сниженной функцией почек, нефротоксичностью некоторых лекарственных препаратов или одновременным назначением иммуносупрессоров после трансплантации органов. При формировании цирроза печени (ЦП) и его декомпенсации возникает еще один аспект поражения почек при ХГВ – риск развития гепаторенального синдрома (ГРС) 1-го или 2-го типа, который является плохим прогностическим маркёром и требует дифференцированного терапевтического подхода.Заключение. Поражение почек ВГВ возможно в виде развития гломерулонефрита как системного проявления ХГВ или как осложнения интерферонотерапии из-за нефротоксичности ряда противовирусных препаратов, или инфицирования пациентов в процессе заместительной почечной терапии (гемодиализ, трансплантация почек и т. п.), а также в виде острого повреждения почек или ХПН (ГРС 1-го или 2-го типа) у пациентов с декомпенсированным ЦП в исходе ХГВ.Среди новых противовирусных агентов препаратом выбора для лечения пациентов с ВГВ, имеющих повышенный риск поражения почек, можно считать телбивудин, который демонстрирует не только отсутствие нефротоксичности, но и доказанное прогнозируемое улучшение почечной функции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The aim of review</title><p>The aim of review. To present data on causes, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and prognosis of renal disease at chronic hepatitis B (CHB).</p></sec><sec><title>Key points</title><p>Key points. Renal disease at chronic hepatitis B can be assessed from several points of view. First of all, it is HBV-associated glomerulonephritis developed as systemic manifestation of infection and presented, as a rule, by membranous nephropathy in children and mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis in adults, resulting in chronic renal failure (CRF) in 30% of cases, while program hemodialysis is required in 10% of patients. Moreover, renal disease may be caused by medications used for CHB treatment, e.g. direct nephrotoxicity of adefovir or tenofovir, alpha interferon-induced glomerulonephritis, etc. Relation of HBV-infection to periarteritis nodosa - necrotizing vasculitis, ischemic nephropathy is known. Issue of CHB is important in patients who are undergoing substitution treatment: hemodialysis or post kidney transplantation. Antiviral therapy is indicated to the most of these patients which potential, at the same time, is limited by initially decreased renal function, nephrotoxicity of some drugs or simultaneous prescription of immunosuppressants after organ transplantation. At development of liver cirrhosis (LC) and its decompensation one more aspect of renal disease at CHB arises i.e. risk of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) of the 1st or 2nd type that is a poor prognostic marker and requires individual therapeutic approach.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. HBV-associated renal disease can develop as glomerulonephritis within systemic CHB manifestation or as complication of interferon-therapy due to nephrotoxicity of some antiviral agents, or as infection during replacement renal therapy (hemodialysis, transplantation of kidneys, etc.), as well as acute damage of kidneys or CRF (HRS of the 1st or 2nd type) in patients with decompensated LC at CHB outcome. Telbivudine is a drug of choice among new anti-HBV agents for treatment of patients, having high risk of renal disease, which demonstrates not only absence of nephrotoxicity, but also the proved predictable improvement of renal function.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический гепатит В</kwd><kwd>поражение почек</kwd><kwd>гломерулонефрит</kwd><kwd>гепаторенальный синдром</kwd><kwd>противовирусная терапия</kwd><kwd>аналоги нуклеозидов/нуклеотидов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic hepatitis B</kwd><kwd>renal disease</kwd><kwd>glomerulonephritis</kwd><kwd>hepatorenal syndrome</kwd><kwd>antiviral therapy</kwd><kwd>nucleoside/nucleotides analogues</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абдурахманов Д.Т. 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