gastro-jРоссийский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологииRussian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology1382-43762658-6673«Gastro» LLCgastro-j-1217Research ArticleГЕПАТОЛОГИЯHEPATOLOGYПолиморфизм генов и лекарственное поражение печениPolymorphism of genes and drug-induced liver injuryТкаченкоП. Е.TkachenkoP. Ye.МаевскаяМ. В.MayevskayaM. V.ИвашкинВ. Т.IvashkinV. T.ГБОУ ВПО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава РФРоссияState educational government-financed institution of higher professional education «Sechenov First Moscow state medical university», Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian Federation2013220920132342229Copyright © Ткаченко П.Е., Маевская М.В., Ивашкин В.Т., 20132013Ткаченко П.Е., Маевская М.В., Ивашкин В.Т.Tkachenko P.Y., Mayevskaya M.V., Ivashkin V.T.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1217

Цель обзора. Проанализировать информацию, опубликованную в мировой научной литературе о связи между лекарственным поражением печени и генетическим полиморфизмом ферментов и транспортных систем, задействованных в метаболизме ксенобиотиков.Основные положения. Лекарственное поражение печени может сопровождаться достаточно широким спектром клинических проявлений, варьируя от бессимптомного повышения активности аминотрансаминаз до развития фульминантной печеночной недостаточности. Большинство случаев поражения связано с явлением идиосинкразии, в основе которого лежит генетическая предрасположенность к образованию реактивных метаболитов в ходе реакций трансформации ксенобиотиков в печени. В настоящей статье освещаются известные на сегодняшний день генетические полиморфизмы, ассоциированные с риском развития лекарственного поражения печени. Рассматриваются также перспективные направления диагностики, основанные на использовании молекулярно-генетических методов.Заключение. Исследования генетического полиморфизма ферментов и транспортеров, участвующих в метаболизме ксенобиотиков в печени, представляются перспективными. Полученные в результате исследований данные позволят расширить понятие о механизмах патогенеза лекарственного поражения печени, что, в свою очередь, ускорит создание тест-систем, обеспечивающих проведение диагностики на молекулярно-генетическом уровне.

The aim of review

The aim of review. To analyze publications in the world scientific literature on relation between druginduced liver injury and genetic polymorphism of enzymes and transport systems, xenobiotics involved in metabolism.

Key points

Key points. Drug-induced liver injury can be accompanied by wide spectrum of clinical symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic elevation of aminotransaminases activity to development of fulminant liver failure. The most cases are related to idiosyncrasy phenomenon which is based on genetic predisposition for production of reactive metabolites at xenobiotic transformation reactions in the liver. Types of genetic polymorphism known for today to be associated with the risk of druginduced liver injury are presented in this article. The perspective trends in diagnostics based on application of molecular genetic methods are taken into account as well.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Studies of genetic polymorphism of enzymes and transporters involved in xenobiotic metabolism in the liver, looks to be perspective. Data of investigations allow to expand the concept of pathogenetic mechanisms of drug-induced liver disease, that, in turn, promotes development of the test systems providing diagnostics at molecular genetic level.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.