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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2025-35-3-7-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-1420</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ развития колоректального рака: от геномных и метаболических перспектив до инновационных диагностических подходов и стратегий лечения на основе нанотехнологий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Deciphering Colorectal Cancer Development: From Genomic and Metabolic Perspectives to Innovative Diagnostic Approaches and Nanotechnology-Based Management Strategies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9386-3984</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рао</surname><given-names>Ш. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rao</surname><given-names>Sh. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шрути А. Рао — бакалавр наук в области химии и зоологии, студент бакалавриата Школы медико-биологических наук</p><p>560027, Лал Баг Мейн Роуд, 36, Лэнгфорд Гарденс, Бангалор, Карнатака, Индия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shruthi A. Rao — Bachelor of Science in Chemistry and Zoology, Undergraduate Student560027, Lal Bagh Main Rd, 36, Langford Gardens, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shruthi.arao10@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5827-4678</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вареня</surname><given-names>В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varenya</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Витур Вареня — магистр наук в области зоологии, аспирант Школы медико-биологических наук</p><p>560027, Лал Баг Мейн Роуд, 36, Лэнгфорд Гарденс, Бангалор, Карнатака, Индия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vithur Varenya — Master of Science in Zoology, Postgraduate Student</p><p>560027, Lal Bagh Main Rd, 36, Langford Gardens, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vithurvarenya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8466-2922</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саманвита</surname><given-names>Х. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samanvitha</surname><given-names>H. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саманвита Х.С. — бакалавр наук в области химии и зоологии, студент бакалавриата Школы медико-биологических наук</p><p>560027, Лал Баг Мейн Роуд, 36, Лэнгфорд Гарденс, Бангалор, Карнатака, Индия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Samanvitha H.S. — Bachelor of Science in Chemistry and Zoology, Undergraduate Student</p><p>560027, Lal Bagh Main Rd, 36, Langford Gardens, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">samanvitha.sunilkumar@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2097-4523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прасад</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prasad</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Синчана Н. Прасад — бакалавр наук в области химии и зоологии, студент бакалавриата Школы медико-биологических наук</p><p>560027, Лал Баг Мейн Роуд, 36, Лэнгфорд Гарденс, Бангалор, Карнатака, Индия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sinchana N. Prasad — Bachelor of Science in Chemistry and Zoology,  Undergraduate Student</p><p>560027, Lal Bagh Main Rd, 36, Langford Gardens, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sinchananp@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6080-4137</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паари</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paari</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куппусами Алагесан Паари — доктор философии, доктор, доцент кафедры естественных наук</p><p>560029, Hosur Main Rd, Bhavani Nagar, Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kuppusamy Alagesan Paari — PhD, Dr., Assistant Professor at the Department of Life Sciences</p><p>560029, Hosur Main Rd, Bhavani Nagar, Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">paari.ka@christuniversity.in</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6087-4901</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джордж</surname><given-names>Дж. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>George</surname><given-names>J. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джинси А. Джордж — доктор философии, доктор, доцент кафедры биологии медико-биологических наук</p><p>560027, Лал Баг Мейн Роуд, 36, Лэнгфорд Гарденс, Бангалор, Карнатака, Индия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Jincy A. George — PhD, Dr., Assistant Professor at the Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences</p><p>560027, Lal Bagh Main Rd, 36, Langford Gardens, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jincy.george@sju.edu.in</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Святого Иосифа</institution><country>Индия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>School of Life Sciences, St. Joseph’s University</institution><country>India</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Святого Иосифа</institution><country>Индия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>School of Life Sciences, St. Joseph's University</institution><country>India</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Крайст</institution><country>Индия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>CHRIST (Deemed to be University)</institution><country>India</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Святого Иосифа</institution><country>Индия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Joseph's University</institution><country>India</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>35</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рао Ш.А., Вареня В., Саманвита Х.С., Прасад С.Н., Паари К.А., Джордж Д.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рао Ш.А., Вареня В., Саманвита Х.С., Прасад С.Н., Паари К.А., Джордж Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rao S.A., Varenya V., Samanvitha H.S., Prasad S.N., Paari K.A., George J.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1420">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1420</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: изучить различные аспекты колоректального рака, взаимосвязь с образом жизни человека, наследственной генетической структурой и связанным с ней метаболизмом. Понять различные диагностические модели и изучить комбинированные методы диагностики и лечения на основе нанотехнологий.Основные положения. Колоректальный рак занимает третье место по частоте встречаемости среди злокачественных новообразований, являясь при этом основной причиной смертности от рака во всем мире. Изменение нормальной слизистой оболочки толстой кишки в злокачественную в результате совокупности многочисленных генетических и эпигенетических изменений способствует развитию колоректального канцерогенеза. Однако изменение образа жизни играет в этом значительную роль. Сочетание метаболических нарушений, метаболический синдром, вызывающий дисрегуляцию основных биомолекул, является одним из важных факторов, индуцирующих канцерогенные эффекты в нормальных колоноцитах, что приводит к колоректальному канцерогенезу. Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени, также называемая печеночным проявлением метаболического синдрома, представляет собой основную угрозу заболеваемости колоректальным раком. Она вызывает злокачественное новообразование, стимулируя секрецию провоспалительных цитокинов. По мере роста числа механизмов, приводящих к колоректальному раку, внедряются новые диагностические инструменты для раннего скрининга рака и продолжаются исследования более совершенных методов. Многочисленные исследования свидетельствуют о снижении заболеваемости и смертности от этой болезни, что можно объяснить хорошо развитыми методами скрининга в лечении рака. Нанотехнологии, применяемые в области лечения колоректального рака, улучшили скрининг и доставку лекарственных препаратов для лечения рака благодаря своим превосходным свойствам биовизуализации и инкапсуляции лекарственных средств.Заключение. В данной статье рассматриваются различные геномные вмешательства и воздействия, связанные с изменениями образа жизни, влияющие на прогрессирование колоректального канцерогенеза. Кроме того, рассматриваются новые и перспективные тераностические методы, доступные для лечения колоректального рака.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To explore the various aspects of colorectal cancer with its correlation with human lifestyles and the inherited genetic makeup and its related metabolism. To understand the various diagnostic patterns, and to explore the nanotechnology-based combined diagnostic and therapeutic methods.Key points. Colorectal cancer grades as the third most frequently identified malignancy, alongside being the chief cause of cancer related fatalities globally. The modification of normal colonic mucosal lining into a malignant one, as an outcome of collection of many genetic and epigenetic modifications contributes to the colorectal carcinogenesis. However, lifestyle changes have a significant role to play in this. An accumulation of metabolic disorders, the metabolic syndrome, which induces the dysregulation of prime biomolecules are one of the significant factors that induce carcinogenic effects in the normal colonocytes leading to the colorectal carcinogenesis. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, also termed as the hepatic expression of metabolic syndrome, is a prime threat for the incidence of colorectal cancer. It induces the malignancy by encouraging secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. As the number of mechanisms leading to colorectal cancer are rising, novel diagnostic tools for the early screening of the cancer are being introduced, and better techniques are still under research. Many studies have indicated the decrease in occurrence and fatalities linked to this disease, which can be attributed to the well-developed screening techniques in cancer management. Nanotechnology, under the area of colorectal cancer management, has improved the screening and delivery of drugs for cancer treatment procedures attributing to its excellent bioimaging and drug encapsulation properties.Conclusion. This article will review the various genomic and lifestyle interventions affecting the progression of colorectal carcinogenesis. Additionally, we will review the novel and future theranostic techniques available for the management of colorectal cancer.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>колоректальные новообразования</kwd><kwd>хромосомная нестабильность</kwd><kwd>неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени</kwd><kwd>метаболический синдром</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>colorectal neoplasms</kwd><kwd>chromosomal instabilities</kwd><kwd>non-alcoholic fatty liver disease</kwd><kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают искреннюю благодарность Университету Святого Иосифа за предоставление необходимых ресурсов и поддержки для завершения данной обзорной статьи. Они также хотели бы отметить вклад д-ра С.Д. Бхаргави, предоставившего ценные отзывы и предложения, значительно повысившие качество данной рукописи. Кроме того, авторы выражают благодарность г-ну Премкумару, библиотекарю Университета Святого Иосифа, за помощь в поиске необходимой литературы и данных.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors would like to express sincere gratitude to St. Joseph’s University for providing them with the necessary resources and support to complete this review article. They would also like to acknowledge the contributions of Dr. S.D. Bhargavi who provided insightful feedback and suggestions that significantly improved the quality of this manuscript. Furthermore, the authors appreciate the assistance of Mr. Premkumar, St. Joseph’s University Librarian, who helped in retrieving relevant literature and data.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Cancer Institute. Cancer Biology Research. 2023. 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