gastro-jРоссийский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологииRussian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology1382-43762658-6673«Gastro» LLCgastro-j-1496Research ArticleЛЕКЦИИ И ОБЗОРЫLECTURES AND REVIEWSХирургический взгляд на лечение билиарных кист печени и поликистозаTreatment of biliary cysts of the liver and polycystic liver disease: a surgical viewКочиеваМ. П.KochievaM. P.БагметН. Н.BagmetN. N.АбдуллаевА. Г.AbdullayevA. G.СкипенкоО. Г.SkipenkoO. G.Российский научный центр хирургии им. Б.В. Петровского РАМНRussian Federation2010020220102013037Copyright © Кочиева М.П., Багмет Н.Н., Абдуллаев А.Г., Скипенко О.Г., 20102010Кочиева М.П., Багмет Н.Н., Абдуллаев А.Г., Скипенко О.Г.Kochieva M.P., Bagmet N.N., Abdullayev A.G., Skipenko O.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1496

Цель обзора. Представить современную тактику ведения больных с билиарными кистами печени и поликистозом.Основные положения. Мнения хирургов различаются в вопросах, кого и когда оперировать, а также в выборе методики вмешательства. При поликистозе лечению подвергаются пациенты с кистами печени II типа (по классификации J. Gigot). При наличии кист III типа , когда имеет место массивное поражение паренхимы (>70%), трансплантации печени альтернативы нет. На данный момент не существует единой лечебной тактики в зависимости от диаметра кист, что приводит к применению различных методов терапии. Выделяют следующие варианты: 1) чрескожная пункция и дренирование кист с введением склерозирующих веществ; 2) лапароскопическое удаление свободных стенок кист с воздействием на оставшийся эпителий; 3) удаление кист из лапаротомного доступа. Наиболее оптимальным способом считается лапароскопическое иссечение кист, что обусловлено малой травматичностью, низкой частотой рецидивирования (0–4%) и минимальным сроком госпитализации.Заключение. Всего 5–10% больных с непаразитарными (билиарными) кистами печени подлежат хирургическому лечению, остальные должны наблюдаться либо у гастроэнтеролога, либо у хирурга амбулаторно-­поликлинического отделения.

Aim of the review

Aim of the review. To present up-to-date management approach to biliary cysts of the liver and polycystosis.

Original positions

Original positions. Opinions of surgeons differ in the issue of whom and when to operate, as well as in the choice of intervention procedure. At polycystosis, patients with the II type liver cysts (by J.Gigot classification) are exposed to treatment. At the presence of cysts of the III type, when the massive lesion of parenchyma takes place (>70%), there is no alternative for liver transplantation. At present there is no uniform medical approach in relation to diameter of cysts that results in application of various methods of treatment. Following variants are defined: 1) percutaneous puncture and drainage of cysts with injection of sclerosing agents; 2) laparoscopic erasion of free walls of cysts with impact on remaining epithelium; 3) erasion of cysts by laparotomic access. Laparoscopic resection of cysts is considered to be the optimal method that is low traumatic, with low frequency of relapses (0–4%) and minimum duration of hospital stay.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Only 5–10% of patients with not parasitic (biliary) cysts of the liver are subject to surgical treatment, the others should be observed either by gastroenterologist, or by surgeon of out-patient department.

непаразитарные кисты печениполикистозлечениеnon-parasitic cysts of the liverpolycystic liver diseaseReferencesВишневский В.А., Кубышкин В.А., Чжао А.В., Икрамов Р.З. Операции на печени: Руководство для хирургов. – М., 2003. – С. 76–79.Вишневский В.А., Кубышкин В.А., Чжао А.В., Икрамов Р.З. Операции на печени: Руководство для хирургов. – М., 2003. – С. 76–79.Гаврилин А.В., Вишневский В.А., Жаворонкова О.И. Непаразитарные кисты печени // Мед. газета. – 2008. – № 4. – С. 8–9.Гаврилин А.В., Вишневский В.А., Жаворонкова О.И. Непаразитарные кисты печени // Мед. газета. – 2008. – № 4. – С. 8–9.Заривчацкий М.Ф., Пирожников О.Ю., Мугатаров И.Н., Гаврилов О.В. Принципы лечения непаразитарных кист печени // Вестн. хир. – 2006. – Т. 165, № 4. – С. 31–33.Заривчацкий М.Ф., Пирожников О.Ю., Мугатаров И.Н., Гаврилов О.В. Принципы лечения непаразитарных кист печени // Вестн. хир. – 2006. – Т. 165, № 4. – С. 31–33.Матевосян Р.В., Харнас С.С., Лотов А.Н. и др. Диагностика и выбор метода хирургического лечения при непаразитарных кистах печени // Хирургия. – 2002. – № 7. – С. 31–36.Матевосян Р.В., Харнас С.С., Лотов А.Н. и др. Диагностика и выбор метода хирургического лечения при непаразитарных кистах печени // Хирургия. – 2002. – № 7. – С. 31–36.Махов В.М., Ромасенко Л.В., Турко Т.В. Доброкачественные очаговые образования печени: возрастные психосоматические аспекты // Лечащий врач. – 2005. – № 2. – С. 24–28.Махов В.М., Ромасенко Л.В., Турко Т.В. Доброкачественные очаговые образования печени: возрастные психосоматические аспекты // Лечащий врач. – 2005. – № 2. – С. 24–28.Нартайлаков М.А. Хирургия объемных образований и повреждений печени // Хирургия печени и желчных путей. – Ростов н/Д, 2007. – С. 188–189.Нартайлаков М.А. Хирургия объемных образований и повреждений печени // Хирургия печени и желчных путей. – Ростов н/Д, 2007. – С. 188–189.Руководство по хирургии печени и желчевыводящих путей / Под ред. А.Е. Борисова. – Том I. Хирургия печени. – СПб, 2003. – С. 223–257.Руководство по хирургии печени и желчевыводящих путей / Под ред. А.Е. Борисова. – Том I. Хирургия печени. – СПб, 2003. – С. 223–257.Руководство по хирургии печени и желчевыводящих путей / Под ред. А.Е. Борисова. – Том I. Хирургия печени. – СПб, 2003. – С. 488.Руководство по хирургии печени и желчевыводящих путей / Под ред. А.Е. Борисова. – Том I. Хирургия печени. – СПб, 2003. – С. 488.Старков Ю.Г., Шишин К.В., Вишневский В.А. и др. Лапароскопические операции при непаразитарных кистах печени // Анналы хир. гепатол. – 2007. – № 1. – C. 36–42.Старков Ю.Г., Шишин К.В., Вишневский В.А. и др. Лапароскопические операции при непаразитарных кистах печени // Анналы хир. гепатол. – 2007. – № 1. – C. 36–42.Шишин К.В., Старков Ю.Г., Вишневский В.А. и др. Хирургическое лечение непаразитарных кист печени // Хирургия. – 2006. – № 10. – С. 62–66.Шишин К.В., Старков Ю.Г., Вишневский В.А. и др. Хирургическое лечение непаразитарных кист печени // Хирургия. – 2006. – № 10. – С. 62–66.Abascal J., Moya M., Martin F. Infection of hepatic cysts in polycystic disease // World J. Surg. – 1984. – N 8. – P. 424–425.Abascal J., Moya M., Martin F. Infection of hepatic cysts in polycystic disease // World J. Surg. – 1984. – N 8. – P. 424–425.Akkriviadis E.A., Steindel H., Ralls P. et al. Spontaneus rupture of nonparasitic cyst of the liver // Gastroenterology. – 1989. – N 97. – P. 213–215.Akkriviadis E.A., Steindel H., Ralls P. et al. Spontaneus rupture of nonparasitic cyst of the liver // Gastroenterology. – 1989. – N 97. – P. 213–215.Ammori B.J., Jenkins B.L., Lim P.C. et al. Surgical strategy for cystic diseases of the liver in a western hepatobiliary center // World J. Surg. – 2002. – N 4. – P. 462–469.Ammori B.J., Jenkins B.L., Lim P.C. et al. Surgical strategy for cystic diseases of the liver in a western hepatobiliary center // World J. Surg. – 2002. – N 4. – P. 462–469.Aoyagi T., Sasaki F., Okada T. et al. Rapidly enlarging solitary nonparasitic cyst of the liver in a child presenting as acute abdomen // Pediatr. Surg. Int. – 2007. – N 10. – P. 1007–1009.Aoyagi T., Sasaki F., Okada T. et al. Rapidly enlarging solitary nonparasitic cyst of the liver in a child presenting as acute abdomen // Pediatr. Surg. Int. – 2007. – N 10. – P. 1007–1009.Bean W.J., Rodan B.A. Hepatic cysts: treatment with alcohol // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. – 1985. – Vol. 144. – P. 237–241.Bean W.J., Rodan B.A. Hepatic cysts: treatment with alcohol // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. – 1985. – Vol. 144. – P. 237–241.Blonski W.C., Campbell M.S., Faust T., Metz D.C. Successful aspiration and ethanol sclerosis of a large, symptomatic, simple liver cyst: case presentation and review of the literature // World J. Gastroenterol. – 2006. – Vol. 12, N 18. – P. 2949–2954.Blonski W.C., Campbell M.S., Faust T., Metz D.C. Successful aspiration and ethanol sclerosis of a large, symptomatic, simple liver cyst: case presentation and review of the literature // World J. Gastroenterol. – 2006. – Vol. 12, N 18. – P. 2949–2954.Brodsky K.S., McWilliams R.R., Amura C.R. et al. Liver cyst cytokines promote endothelial cell proliferation and development // ExP. Biol. Med. (Maywood). – 2009. – Vol. 234, N 10. – P. 1155–1165.Brodsky K.S., McWilliams R.R., Amura C.R. et al. Liver cyst cytokines promote endothelial cell proliferation and development // ExP. Biol. Med. (Maywood). – 2009. – Vol. 234, N 10. – P. 1155–1165.Buyse S., Asselah T., Vilgrain V. et al. Acute pulmonary embolism: a rare complication of a large non-parasitic hepatic cyst // Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. – 2004. – Vol. 16, N 11. – P. 1241–1244.Buyse S., Asselah T., Vilgrain V. et al. Acute pulmonary embolism: a rare complication of a large non-parasitic hepatic cyst // Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. – 2004. – Vol. 16, N 11. – P. 1241–1244.Carswell K.A., Sagias F.G., Murgatroyd B. et al. Laparoscopic versus open left lateral segmentectomy // BMC Surg. – 2009. – N 9. – P. 14.Carswell K.A., Sagias F.G., Murgatroyd B. et al. Laparoscopic versus open left lateral segmentectomy // BMC Surg. – 2009. – N 9. – P. 14.Cowles R.A., Mullholland M.W. Solitary hepatic cysts // J. Am. Coll. Surg. – 2000. – Vol. 101. – P. 311– 321.Cowles R.A., Mullholland M.W. Solitary hepatic cysts // J. Am. Coll. Surg. – 2000. – Vol. 101. – P. 311– 321.D´Agata I.D., Jonas M.M., Perez-Atayde A.R., Guay-Woodford L.M. Combined cystic disease of the liver and kidney // Semin. Liver Dis. – 1994. – N 14. – P. 215– 228.D´Agata I.D., Jonas M.M., Perez-Atayde A.R., Guay-Woodford L.M. Combined cystic disease of the liver and kidney // Semin. Liver Dis. – 1994. – N 14. – P. 215– 228.Ertem M., Uras C., Karahasanoglu T. et al. Laparoscopic approach to hepatic hydatid disease // Dig. Surg. – 1998. – N 15. – P. 333–336.Ertem M., Uras C., Karahasanoglu T. et al. Laparoscopic approach to hepatic hydatid disease // Dig. Surg. – 1998. – N 15. – P. 333–336.Fabiani P., Iannelli A., Chevallier P. et al. Long-term outcome after laparoscopic fenestration of symptomatic simple cysts of the liver // Br. J. Surg. – 2005. – Vol. 92, N 5 – P. 596–597.Fabiani P., Iannelli A., Chevallier P. et al. Long-term outcome after laparoscopic fenestration of symptomatic simple cysts of the liver // Br. J. Surg. – 2005. – Vol. 92, N 5 – P. 596–597.Fabiani P., Mazza D., Toouli J. et al. Laparoscopic fenestration of symptomatic non-parasitic cysts of the liver // Br. J. Surg. – 1997. – Vol. 84, N 3 – P. 321–322.Fabiani P., Mazza D., Toouli J. et al. Laparoscopic fenestration of symptomatic non-parasitic cysts of the liver // Br. J. Surg. – 1997. – Vol. 84, N 3 – P. 321–322.Fiamingo P., Tedeschi U., Veroux M. et al. Laparoscopic treatment of simple hepatic cysts and polycystic liver disease // Surg. Endosc. – 2003. – N 17. – P. 623–626.Fiamingo P., Tedeschi U., Veroux M. et al. Laparoscopic treatment of simple hepatic cysts and polycystic liver disease // Surg. Endosc. – 2003. – N 17. – P. 623–626.Gaines P.A., Sampson M.A. The prevalence and characterization of simple hepatic cysts by ultrasound examination // Br. J. Radiol. – 1989. – Vol. 62, N 736 – P. 335–337.Gaines P.A., Sampson M.A. The prevalence and characterization of simple hepatic cysts by ultrasound examination // Br. J. Radiol. – 1989. – Vol. 62, N 736 – P. 335–337.Gall T.M., Oniscu G.C., Madhavan K. et al. Surgical management and longterm follow-up of non-parasitic hepatic cysts // HPB (Oxford). – 2009. – Vol. 11, N 3. – P. 235–241.Gall T.M., Oniscu G.C., Madhavan K. et al. Surgical management and longterm follow-up of non-parasitic hepatic cysts // HPB (Oxford). – 2009. – Vol. 11, N 3. – P. 235–241.Gamblin T.C., Holloway S.E., Heckman J.T., Geller D.A. Laparoscopic resection of benign hepatic cysts: a new standard // J. Am. Coll. Surg. – 2008. – Vol. 207, N 5. – P. 731–736.Gamblin T.C., Holloway S.E., Heckman J.T., Geller D.A. Laparoscopic resection of benign hepatic cysts: a new standard // J. Am. Coll. Surg. – 2008. – Vol. 207, N 5. – P. 731–736.Gao H., Wang Y., Wegierski T. et al. PRKCSH/80KH, the protein mutated in polycystic liver disease, protects polycystin-2/TRPP2 against HERP-mediated degradation // Hum. Mol. Genet. – 2009. – N 3. – P. 3.Gao H., Wang Y., Wegierski T. et al. PRKCSH/80KH, the protein mutated in polycystic liver disease, protects polycystin-2/TRPP2 against HERP-mediated degradation // Hum. Mol. Genet. – 2009. – N 3. – P. 3.Garcea G., Pattenden C.J., Stephenson J. et al. Nine-year single-center experience with nonparastic liver cysts: diagnosis and management // Dig. Dis. Sci. – 2007. – Vol. 52, N 1. – P. 185–191.Garcea G., Pattenden C.J., Stephenson J. et al. Nine-year single-center experience with nonparastic liver cysts: diagnosis and management // Dig. Dis. Sci. – 2007. – Vol. 52, N 1. – P. 185–191.Gaviser D. Solitary nonparasitic cysts of the liver // Minn. Med. – 1953. – Vol. 36, N 8. – P. 831–836.Gaviser D. Solitary nonparasitic cysts of the liver // Minn. Med. – 1953. – Vol. 36, N 8. – P. 831–836.Gigot J.F., Hubert C., Banice R., Kendrick M.L. Laparoscopic management of benign liver diseases: where are we? // HPB (Oxford). – 2004. – Vol. 6, N 4. – P. 197–212.Gigot J.F., Hubert C., Banice R., Kendrick M.L. Laparoscopic management of benign liver diseases: where are we? // HPB (Oxford). – 2004. – Vol. 6, N 4. – P. 197–212.Gigot J.F., Jadoul P., Que F. et al. Adult polycystic liver disease: is fenestration the most adequate operation for long-term management? // Ann. Surg. – 1997. – Vol. 225. – P. 286–294.Gigot J.F., Jadoul P., Que F. et al. Adult polycystic liver disease: is fenestration the most adequate operation for long-term management? // Ann. Surg. – 1997. – Vol. 225. – P. 286–294.Giuliante F., D’Acapito F., Vellone M. et al. Risk for laparoscopic fenestration of liver cysts // Surg. Endosc. – 2003. – Vol. 17, N 11. – P. 1735–1738.Giuliante F., D’Acapito F., Vellone M. et al. Risk for laparoscopic fenestration of liver cysts // Surg. Endosc. – 2003. – Vol. 17, N 11. – P. 1735–1738.Hansen P., Bhoyrul S., Legha P. et al. Laparoscopic treatment of liver cysts // J. Gastrointest. Surg. – 1997. – Vol. 1, N 1. – P. 47–53.Hansen P., Bhoyrul S., Legha P. et al. Laparoscopic treatment of liver cysts // J. Gastrointest. Surg. – 1997. – Vol. 1, N 1. – P. 47–53.Ikenaga N., Chijiiwa K., Otani K. et al. A case of peribiliary cyst presenting with obstructive jaundice // J. Gastrointest. Surg. – 2009. – Vol. 13, N 1. – P. 174–176.Ikenaga N., Chijiiwa K., Otani K. et al. A case of peribiliary cyst presenting with obstructive jaundice // J. Gastrointest. Surg. – 2009. – Vol. 13, N 1. – P. 174–176.Inayoshi A., Sawada T., Azuma K., Yagi Y. Three cases of nonparasitic liver cyst treated by intracystic instillation of acetic acid under ultrasonic guidance // Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi. – 1997. – Vol. 94, N9. – P. 627–631.Inayoshi A., Sawada T., Azuma K., Yagi Y. Three cases of nonparasitic liver cyst treated by intracystic instillation of acetic acid under ultrasonic guidance // Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi. – 1997. – Vol. 94, N9. – P. 627–631.Ishii K., Yoshida H., Taniai N. et al. Infected hepatic cyst treated with percutaneous transhepatic drainage // J. Nippon Med. Sch. – 2009. – Vol. 76, N 3. – P. 160– 164.Ishii K., Yoshida H., Taniai N. et al. Infected hepatic cyst treated with percutaneous transhepatic drainage // J. Nippon Med. Sch. – 2009. – Vol. 76, N 3. – P. 160– 164.Ishikawa H., Uchida S., Yokokura Y. et al. Nonparasitic solitary huge liver cysts causing intracystic hemorrhage or obstructive jaundice // J. Hepatobiliary Pancreat. Surg. – 2002. – Vol. 9, N 6. – P. 764–768.Ishikawa H., Uchida S., Yokokura Y. et al. Nonparasitic solitary huge liver cysts causing intracystic hemorrhage or obstructive jaundice // J. Hepatobiliary Pancreat. Surg. – 2002. – Vol. 9, N 6. – P. 764–768.Ito K., Taira K., Arii S. Intrahepatic bile duct dilatation with a liver cyst and hemangioma: report of a case // Surg. Today. – 2009. – Vol. 39, N 3. – P. 256–260.Ito K., Taira K., Arii S. Intrahepatic bile duct dilatation with a liver cyst and hemangioma: report of a case // Surg. Today. – 2009. – Vol. 39, N 3. – P. 256–260.Katkhouda N., Hurwitz M., Gugenheim J. et al. Laparoscopic management of benign solid and cystic lesions of the liver // Ann. Surg. – 1999. – Vol. 229, N 4. – P. 460–466.Katkhouda N., Hurwitz M., Gugenheim J. et al. Laparoscopic management of benign solid and cystic lesions of the liver // Ann. Surg. – 1999. – Vol. 229, N 4. – P. 460–466.Katkhouda N., Mavor E., Gugenheim J., Mouiel J. Laparoscopic management of benign cystic lesions of the liver // J. Hepatobiliary Pancreat. Surg. – 2000. – Vol. 7, N 2. – P. 212–217.Katkhouda N., Mavor E., Gugenheim J., Mouiel J. Laparoscopic management of benign cystic lesions of the liver // J. Hepatobiliary Pancreat. Surg. – 2000. – Vol. 7, N 2. – P. 212–217.Konstadoulakis M.M., Gomatos I.P., Albanopoulos K. et al. Laparoscopic fenestration for the treatment of patients with severe adult polycystic liver disease // Am. J. Surg. – 2005. – Vol. 189, N 1. – P. 71–75.Konstadoulakis M.M., Gomatos I.P., Albanopoulos K. et al. Laparoscopic fenestration for the treatment of patients with severe adult polycystic liver disease // Am. J. Surg. – 2005. – Vol. 189, N 1. – P. 71–75.Kornprat P., Cerwenka H., Bacher H. et al. Surgical therapy options in polycystic liver disease // Wien Klin. Wochenschr. – 2005. – Vol. 117, N 5–6. – P. 215– 258.Kornprat P., Cerwenka H., Bacher H. et al. Surgical therapy options in polycystic liver disease // Wien Klin. Wochenschr. – 2005. – Vol. 117, N 5–6. – P. 215– 258.Kwok M.K., Lewin K.J. Massive hepatomegaly in adult polycystic liver disease // Am. J. Surg Pathol. – 1988. – Vol. 12, N 4. – P. 321–324.Kwok M.K., Lewin K.J. Massive hepatomegaly in adult polycystic liver disease // Am. J. Surg Pathol. – 1988. – Vol. 12, N 4. – P. 321–324.Kwon A.H., Matsui Y., Inui H. et al. Laparoscopic treatment using an argon beam coagulator for nonparasitic liver cysts // Am. J. Surg. – 2003. – Vol. 185, N 3. – P. 273–277.Kwon A.H., Matsui Y., Inui H. et al. Laparoscopic treatment using an argon beam coagulator for nonparasitic liver cysts // Am. J. Surg. – 2003. – Vol. 185, N 3. – P. 273–277.Larssen T.B., Rorvik J., Hoff S.R. et al. The occurrence of asymptomatic and symptomatic simple hepatic cysts. A prospective, hospital-based study // Clin. Radiol. – 2005. – Vol. 60, N 9. – P. 1026–1029.Larssen T.B., Rorvik J., Hoff S.R. et al. The occurrence of asymptomatic and symptomatic simple hepatic cysts. A prospective, hospital-based study // Clin. Radiol. – 2005. – Vol. 60, N 9. – P. 1026–1029.Larssen T.B., Rørvik J., Horn A. et al. Biochemical and cytologic analysis of cystic contents in benign non-parasitic symptomatic hepatic cysts before and after ethanol sclerotherapy // Acta Radiol. – 2004. – Vol. 45, N 5. – P. 504–509.Larssen T.B., Rørvik J., Horn A. et al. Biochemical and cytologic analysis of cystic contents in benign non-parasitic symptomatic hepatic cysts before and after ethanol sclerotherapy // Acta Radiol. – 2004. – Vol. 45, N 5. – P. 504–509.Leung T.K., Lee C.M., Chen H.C. Fatal thrombotic complications of hepatic cystic compression of the inferior vena: a case report // World J. Gastroenterol. – 2005. – Vol. 11, N 11. – P. 1728–1729.Leung T.K., Lee C.M., Chen H.C. Fatal thrombotic complications of hepatic cystic compression of the inferior vena: a case report // World J. Gastroenterol. – 2005. – Vol. 11, N 11. – P. 1728–1729.Lin T.Y., Chen C.C., Wang S.M. Treatment of nonparasitic cystic disease of the liver: a new approach to therapy with polycystic liver // Ann. Surg. – 1968. – Vol. 168. – P. 921–927.Lin T.Y., Chen C.C., Wang S.M. Treatment of nonparasitic cystic disease of the liver: a new approach to therapy with polycystic liver // Ann. Surg. – 1968. – Vol. 168. – P. 921–927.Martin I.J., McKinley A.J., Currie E.J. et al. Tailoring the management of nonparasitic liver cysts // Ann. Surg. – 1998. – Vol. 228, N 2. – P. 167–172.Martin I.J., McKinley A.J., Currie E.J. et al. Tailoring the management of nonparasitic liver cysts // Ann. Surg. – 1998. – Vol. 228, N 2. – P. 167–172.Mekeel K.L., Moss A.A., Reddy K.S. et al. Laparoscopic fenestration of giant hepatic cysts // Surg. Laparosc. Endosc. Percutan. Tech. – 2008. – Vol. 18, N 5. – P. 511–513.Mekeel K.L., Moss A.A., Reddy K.S. et al. Laparoscopic fenestration of giant hepatic cysts // Surg. Laparosc. Endosc. Percutan. Tech. – 2008. – Vol. 18, N 5. – P. 511–513.Mimatsu K., Oida T., Kawasaki A. et al. Long-term outcome of laparoscopic deroofing for symptomatic nonparasitic liver cysts // Hepatogastroenterology. – 2009. – Vol. 56, N 91–92. – P. 850–853.Mimatsu K., Oida T., Kawasaki A. et al. Long-term outcome of laparoscopic deroofing for symptomatic nonparasitic liver cysts // Hepatogastroenterology. – 2009. – Vol. 56, N 91–92. – P. 850–853.Miyamoto M., Oka M., Izumiya T. et al. Nonparasitic solitary giant hepatic cyst causing obstructive jaundice was successfully treated with monoethanolamine oleate // Intern. Med. – 2006. – Vol. 45, N 9. – P. 6621– 6625.Miyamoto M., Oka M., Izumiya T. et al. Nonparasitic solitary giant hepatic cyst causing obstructive jaundice was successfully treated with monoethanolamine oleate // Intern. Med. – 2006. – Vol. 45, N 9. – P. 6621– 6625.Mori T., Abe N., Sugiyama M., Atomi Y. Laparoscopic hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery: an overview // J. Hepatobiliary Pancreat. Surg. – 2002. – Vol. 9, N 6. – P. 710–722.Mori T., Abe N., Sugiyama M., Atomi Y. Laparoscopic hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery: an overview // J. Hepatobiliary Pancreat. Surg. – 2002. – Vol. 9, N 6. – P. 710–722.Morino M., De Giuli M., Festa V., Garrone C. Laparoscopic management of symptomatic nonparasitic cysts of the liver. Indications and results // Ann. Surg. – 1994. – Vol. 219, N 2. – P. 157–164.Morino M., De Giuli M., Festa V., Garrone C. Laparoscopic management of symptomatic nonparasitic cysts of the liver. Indications and results // Ann. Surg. – 1994. – Vol. 219, N 2. – P. 157–164.Nelson J., Davidson D., McKittrick J.E. Simple surgical treatment of nonparasitic hepatic cysts // Am. Surg. – 1992. – Vol. 58, N 12. – P. 755–757.Nelson J., Davidson D., McKittrick J.E. Simple surgical treatment of nonparasitic hepatic cysts // Am. Surg. – 1992. – Vol. 58, N 12. – P. 755–757.Neri V., Ambrosi A., Fersini A. et al. Laparoscopic treatment of biliary cysts: short- and medium-term results // HPB. – 2006. – N 8. – P. 306–310.Neri V., Ambrosi A., Fersini A. et al. Laparoscopic treatment of biliary cysts: short- and medium-term results // HPB. – 2006. – N 8. – P. 306–310.Oniscu G.C., Madhavan K., Parks R.W., Garden O.J. Surgical management and longterm follow-up of non-parasitic hepatic cysts // HPB (Oxford). – 2009. – Vol. 11, N 3. – P. 235–241.Oniscu G.C., Madhavan K., Parks R.W., Garden O.J. Surgical management and longterm follow-up of non-parasitic hepatic cysts // HPB (Oxford). – 2009. – Vol. 11, N 3. – P. 235–241.Otani Y., Takayasu H., Ishimaru Y. et al. Secretion and expression of epithelial markers supports the biliary origin of solitary nonparasitic cyst of the liver in infancy // J. Pediatr. Surg. – 2005. – Vol. 40, N 12. – P. 27– 30.Otani Y., Takayasu H., Ishimaru Y. et al. Secretion and expression of epithelial markers supports the biliary origin of solitary nonparasitic cyst of the liver in infancy // J. Pediatr. Surg. – 2005. – Vol. 40, N 12. – P. 27– 30.Palanivelu C., Jani K., Malladi V. Laparoscopic management of benign nonparasitic hepatic cysts: A prospective nonrandomized study // South Med. J. – 2006. – Vol. 99, N 10. – P. 1063-1067.Palanivelu C., Jani K., Malladi V. Laparoscopic management of benign nonparasitic hepatic cysts: A prospective nonrandomized study // South Med. J. – 2006. – Vol. 99, N 10. – P. 1063-1067.Palanivelu C., Rangarajan M., Senthilkumar R., Madankumar M.V. Laparoscopic management of symptomatic multiple hepatic cysts: a combination of deroofing and radical excision // JSLS. – 2007. – Vol. 11, N 4. – P. 466–469.Palanivelu C., Rangarajan M., Senthilkumar R., Madankumar M.V. Laparoscopic management of symptomatic multiple hepatic cysts: a combination of deroofing and radical excision // JSLS. – 2007. – Vol. 11, N 4. – P. 466–469.Parenti R., Leone V., Del Buono G. et al. Obstructive jaundice caused by solitary nonparasitic cyst of the liver // Minerva Chir. – 1991. – Vol. 46, N 6. – P. 273– 277.Parenti R., Leone V., Del Buono G. et al. Obstructive jaundice caused by solitary nonparasitic cyst of the liver // Minerva Chir. – 1991. – Vol. 46, N 6. – P. 273– 277.Pavlidis T.E. The role of laparoscopy in the management of segment VII nonparasitic liver cyst // J. Laparoendosc. Adv. Surg. Tech. – 2006. – Vol. 16, N 1. – P. 81.Pavlidis T.E. The role of laparoscopy in the management of segment VII nonparasitic liver cyst // J. Laparoendosc. Adv. Surg. Tech. – 2006. – Vol. 16, N 1. – P. 81.Petri A., Höhn J., Makula E. et al. Experience with different methods of treatment of nonparasitic liver cysts // Langenbecks Arch. Surg. – 2002. – Vol. 387, N 5–6. – P. 229–233.Petri A., Höhn J., Makula E. et al. Experience with different methods of treatment of nonparasitic liver cysts // Langenbecks Arch. Surg. – 2002. – Vol. 387, N 5–6. – P. 229–233.Plard L., Guedin P., Le Pennec V., Chiche L. Hepatic cysts: diagnosis and management // J. Chir. (Paris). – 2008. – Vol. 145, N 3. – P. 217–225.Plard L., Guedin P., Le Pennec V., Chiche L. Hepatic cysts: diagnosis and management // J. Chir. (Paris). – 2008. – Vol. 145, N 3. – P. 217–225.Poggi G., Gatti C., Delmonte A. et al. Spontaneous rupture of non-parasitic hepatic cyst // Int. J. Clin. Pract. – 2006. – Vol. 60, N 1. – P. 99–103.Poggi G., Gatti C., Delmonte A. et al. Spontaneous rupture of non-parasitic hepatic cyst // Int. J. Clin. Pract. – 2006. – Vol. 60, N 1. – P. 99–103.Poźniczek M., Wysocki A., Bobrzyński A. et al. Sclerosant therapy as first-line treatment for solitary liver cysts // Dig. Surg. – 2004. – Vol. 21, N 5–6. – P. 452–454.Poźniczek M., Wysocki A., Bobrzyński A. et al. Sclerosant therapy as first-line treatment for solitary liver cysts // Dig. Surg. – 2004. – Vol. 21, N 5–6. – P. 452–454.Regev A., Reddy K.R., Berho M. et al. Large cystic lesions of the liver in adults: a 15-year experience in a tertiary center // J. Am. Coll. Surg. – 2001. – Vol. 193, N 1. – P. 36–45.Regev A., Reddy K.R., Berho M. et al. Large cystic lesions of the liver in adults: a 15-year experience in a tertiary center // J. Am. Coll. Surg. – 2001. – Vol. 193, N 1. – P. 36–45.Robert T., Russel C. Write Pinson. Surgical management of polycystic liver disease // World J. Gastroenterol. – 2007. – Vol. 13, N 38. – P. 5052–5059.Robert T., Russel C. Write Pinson. Surgical management of polycystic liver disease // World J. Gastroenterol. – 2007. – Vol. 13, N 38. – P. 5052–5059.Robinson T.N., Stiegmann G.V., Everson G.T. Laparoscopic palliation of polycystic liver disease // Surg. Endosc. – 2005. – Vol. 19, N 1. – P. 130–132.Robinson T.N., Stiegmann G.V., Everson G.T. Laparoscopic palliation of polycystic liver disease // Surg. Endosc. – 2005. – Vol. 19, N 1. – P. 130–132.Russell R.T., Pinson C.W. Surgical management of poly-cystic liver disease // World J. Gastroenterol. – 2007. – Vol. 13, N 38. – P. 5052–5059.Russell R.T., Pinson C.W. Surgical management of poly-cystic liver disease // World J. Gastroenterol. – 2007. – Vol. 13, N 38. – P. 5052–5059.Saini S., Mueller P.R., Ferrucci J.T.Jr. et al. Percutaneous aspiration of hepatic cysts does not provide definitive therapy // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. – 1983. – Vol. 141, N 3. – P. 559–560.Saini S., Mueller P.R., Ferrucci J.T.Jr. et al. Percutaneous aspiration of hepatic cysts does not provide definitive therapy // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. – 1983. – Vol. 141, N 3. – P. 559–560.Salemis N.S., Georgoulis E., Gourgiotis S., Tsohataridis E. Spontaneous rupture of a giant non parasitic hepatic cyst presenting as an acute surgical abdomen // Ann. Hepatol. – 2007. – Vol. 6, N 3. – P. 190–193.Salemis N.S., Georgoulis E., Gourgiotis S., Tsohataridis E. Spontaneous rupture of a giant non parasitic hepatic cyst presenting as an acute surgical abdomen // Ann. Hepatol. – 2007. – Vol. 6, N 3. – P. 190–193.Sendt W., Weber T., Retschke S., Altendorf-Hofmann A. Symptomatic non-parasitic liver cysts: early and long-term results of surgical management // Zentralbl. Chir. – 2009. – Vol. 134, N 2. – P. 149–154.Sendt W., Weber T., Retschke S., Altendorf-Hofmann A. Symptomatic non-parasitic liver cysts: early and long-term results of surgical management // Zentralbl. Chir. – 2009. – Vol. 134, N 2. – P. 149–154.Sheresta R., McKinley C., Russ P. et al. Postmenopausal estrogen therapy selectively stimulates hepatic enlargement in women with autosomal dominant disease // Hepatology. – 1997. – Vol. 26, N 5. – P. 1282–1286.Sheresta R., McKinley C., Russ P. et al. Postmenopausal estrogen therapy selectively stimulates hepatic enlargement in women with autosomal dominant disease // Hepatology. – 1997. – Vol. 26, N 5. – P. 1282–1286.Szabó L.S., Takács I., Arkosy P. et al. Laparoscopic treatment of nonparasitic hepatic cysts // Surg Endosc. – 2006. – Vol. 20, N 4. – P. 595–597.Szabó L.S., Takács I., Arkosy P. et al. Laparoscopic treatment of nonparasitic hepatic cysts // Surg Endosc. – 2006. – Vol. 20, N 4. – P. 595–597.Takahashi G., Yoshida H., Mamada Y. et al. Intracystic hemorrhage of a large simple hepatic cyst // J. Nippon Med. Sch. – 2008. – Vol. 75, N 5. – P. 302–305.Takahashi G., Yoshida H., Mamada Y. et al. Intracystic hemorrhage of a large simple hepatic cyst // J. Nippon Med. Sch. – 2008. – Vol. 75, N 5. – P. 302–305.Tan Y.M., Chung A., Mack P. et al. Role of fenestration and resection for symptomatic solitary liver cysts // ANZ J Surg. – 2005. – Vol. 75, N 7. – P. 577–580.Tan Y.M., Chung A., Mack P. et al. Role of fenestration and resection for symptomatic solitary liver cysts // ANZ J Surg. – 2005. – Vol. 75, N 7. – P. 577–580.Telenti A., Torres V.E., Gross J.B.Jr. et al. Hepatic cyst infection in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease // Mayo Clin Proc. – 1990. – Vol. 65. – P. 933–942.Telenti A., Torres V.E., Gross J.B.Jr. et al. Hepatic cyst infection in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease // Mayo Clin Proc. – 1990. – Vol. 65. – P. 933–942.Tocchi A., Mazzoni G., Costa G. et al. Symptomatic nonparasitic hepatic cysts // JAMA. – 2002. – Vol. 137. – P. 154–158.Tocchi A., Mazzoni G., Costa G. et al. Symptomatic nonparasitic hepatic cysts // JAMA. – 2002. – Vol. 137. – P. 154–158.Tucker O.N., Smith J., Fenlon H.M., McEntee Giant solitary non-parasitic cyst of the liver // Ir. Med. Sci. – 2005. – Vol. 174, N 2. – P. 60–62.Tucker O.N., Smith J., Fenlon H.M., McEntee Giant solitary non-parasitic cyst of the liver // Ir. Med. Sci. – 2005. – Vol. 174, N 2. – P. 60–62.Weber T., Sendt W., Scheele J. Laparoscopic unroofing of nonparasitic liver cysts within segments VII and VIII: technical considerations // J. Laparoendosc. Adv. Surg. Tech. A. – 2004. – Vol. 14, N 1. – P. 37–42.Weber T., Sendt W., Scheele J. Laparoscopic unroofing of nonparasitic liver cysts within segments VII and VIII: technical considerations // J. Laparoendosc. Adv. Surg. Tech. A. – 2004. – Vol. 14, N 1. – P. 37–42.Yamada T., Furukawa K., Yokoi K. et al. Liver cyst with biliary communication successfully treated with laparoscopic deroofing: a case report // J. Nippon Med. Sch. – 2009. – Vol. 76, N 2. – P. 103–108.Yamada T., Furukawa K., Yokoi K. et al. Liver cyst with biliary communication successfully treated with laparoscopic deroofing: a case report // J. Nippon Med. Sch. – 2009. – Vol. 76, N 2. – P. 103–108.Yamaguchi M., Kuzume M., Matsumoto T. et al. Spontaneous rupture of a nonparasitic liver cyst complicated by intracystic hemorrhage // J. Gastroenterol. – 1999. – Vol. 34, N 5. – P. 645–648.Yamaguchi M., Kuzume M., Matsumoto T. et al. Spontaneous rupture of a nonparasitic liver cyst complicated by intracystic hemorrhage // J. Gastroenterol. – 1999. – Vol. 34, N 5. – P. 645–648.Yang C.F., Liang H.L., Pan H.B. et al. Single-session prolonged alcohol-retention sclerotherapy for large hepatic cysts // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. – 2006. – Vol. 187, N 4. – P. 940–943.Yang C.F., Liang H.L., Pan H.B. et al. Single-session prolonged alcohol-retention sclerotherapy for large hepatic cysts // AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. – 2006. – Vol. 187, N 4. – P. 940–943.Yoshida H., Onda M., Tajiry T. et al. Long-term results of multiple monocycline hydrochloride injections for the treatment of symptomatic solitary hepatic cyst // J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. – 2003. – Vol. 18. – P. 595– 598.Yoshida H., Onda M., Tajiry T. et al. Long-term results of multiple monocycline hydrochloride injections for the treatment of symptomatic solitary hepatic cyst // J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. – 2003. – Vol. 18. – P. 595– 598.Zacherl J., Scheuba C., Imhof M. et al. Long-term results after laparoscopic unroofing of solitary symptomatic congenital liver cysts // Surg. Endosc. – 2000. – Vol. 14, N 1. – P. 59–62.Zacherl J., Scheuba C., Imhof M. et al. Long-term results after laparoscopic unroofing of solitary symptomatic congenital liver cysts // Surg. Endosc. – 2000. – Vol. 14, N 1. – P. 59–62.Zerem E., Imamović G., Omerović S. Percutaneous treatment of symptomatic non-parasitic benign liver cysts: single-session alcohol sclerotherapy versus prolonged catheter drainage with negative pressure // Eur. Radiol. – 2008. – Vol. 18, N 2. – P. 400–406.Zerem E., Imamović G., Omerović S. Percutaneous treatment of symptomatic non-parasitic benign liver cysts: single-session alcohol sclerotherapy versus prolonged catheter drainage with negative pressure // Eur. Radiol. – 2008. – Vol. 18, N 2. – P. 400–406.Zhang Y.L., Yuan L., Shen F., Wang Y. Hemorrhagic hepatic cysts mimicking biliary cystadenoma // World J. Gastroenterol. – 2009. – Vol. 15, N 36. – P. 4601– 4603.Zhang Y.L., Yuan L., Shen F., Wang Y. Hemorrhagic hepatic cysts mimicking biliary cystadenoma // World J. Gastroenterol. – 2009. – Vol. 15, N 36. – P. 4601– 4603.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.