gastro-jРоссийский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологииRussian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology1382-43762658-6673«Gastro» LLCgastro-j-1503Research ArticleНАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ШКОЛА ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГОВ, ГЕПАТОЛОГОВNATIONAL COLLEGE OF GASTROENTEROLOGISTS, HEPATOLOGISTSГастроэзофагеальная рефлюксная болезнь у детей: эпидемиология, диагностические критерии, прогнозGastroesophageal reflux disease at children: epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, prognosisМухаметоваЕ. М.MukhametovaE. M.ЭрдесС. И.ErdesS. I.Московская медицинская академия им. И.М. СеченоваRussian Federation2010020220102017581Copyright © Мухаметова Е.М., Эрдес С.И., 20102010Мухаметова Е.М., Эрдес С.И.Mukhametova E.M., Erdes S.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1503

Цель обзора. Представить литературные данные об эпидемиологии, особенностях течения и диагностики гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни (ГЭРБ) у детей в разном возрасте.Основные положения. В настоящее время гастроэнтерологами и педиатрами большое внимание уделяется ГЭРБ у детей, вероятности ее прогрессирования и развития осложнений в старшем возрасте. Проявления ГЭРБ у детей неодинаковы в различных возрастных группах. На первом году жизни ГЭРБ манифестирует срыгиваниями и рвотой. В большинстве случаев эти состояния расцениваются как физиологические. Однако прослеживается взаимосвязь частых срыгиваний в указанный период жизни и вероятность развития типичных симптомов ГЭРБ у этих детей в дальнейшем. По мере взросления симптомы ГЭРБ у детей становятся более специфичными и похожими на проявления болезни у взрослых, для которых наиболее характерными жалобами считаются изжога и отрыжка кислым.Основными методами инструментальной диаг­ностики ГЭРБ и ее осложнений у детей, как и у взрослых, являются эзофагогастродуоденоскопия и суточный мониторинг рН в пищеводе и желудке. Однако у детей отмечается отсутствие взаимосвязи выраженности клинических, эндоскопических и рН­-метрических изменений.Заключение. Вышеперечисленное свидетельствует об отсутствии четких диагностических критериев ГЭРБ у детей. Для более точной диагностики ГЭРБ в детском возрасте необходимо комплексное обследование ребенка.

The aim of review

The aim of review. To present world literature data on epidemiology, features of course and diagnostics of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) at children at different age.

Original positions

Original positions. Now the major attention is given by gastroenterologists and pediatrists to GERD at children, probability of its progression and development of complications in advanced age. Manifestations of GERD at children are different in various age-grades. At the first year of life of GERD manifests by regurgitation and vomiting. In most of the cases these symptoms are regarded to be physiological. However frequent regurgitation in this period of life is related to probability of further development of typical symptoms of GERD in these children. Along with growth, symptoms of GERD in children become more specific and similar to manifestations of disease at adults for whom the heartburn and acidic belching are considered as the most typical complaints. Basic methods of instrumental diagnostics of GERD and its complications at children, as well as at adults, include esophagogastroduodenoscopy and 24-hour esophageal and gastric рН-monitoring. However at children, there is no interrelation of clinical, endoscopic and рН-metrical changes severity.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Above mentioned data testifies the absence of clear diagnostic criteria of GERD at children. For more exact diagnostics of GERD at pediatric age complex investigation of the child is required.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.