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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-1507</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИИ И ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LECTURES AND REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эволюция представлений о роли нарушений двигательной функции пищевода в патогенезе гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evolution of concept of esophageal motor disturbances in pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкин</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkin</surname><given-names>V. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трухманов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trukhmanov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ивашкин В.Т., Трухманов А.С., 2010</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2010</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ивашкин В.Т., Трухманов А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivashkin V.T., Trukhmanov A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1507">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1507</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель публикации. Представить современные сведения о роли нарушений двигательной функции пищевода в развитии гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни и механизмы формирования преходящих расслаблений нижнего пищеводного сфинктера (ПРНПС) на функциональную активность антирефлюксного барьера.Основные положения. Существует несколько составляющих механизма ПРНПС: снижение тонуса нижнего пищеводного сфинктера, модулируемое тормозящими импульсами; уменьшение компрессии со стороны ножек диафрагмы; интенсивное сокращение продольных мышц пищевода; расслабление слоя циркулярных мышц его дистальной части. Имеются различия в механизме ПРНПС между здоровыми лицами и пациентами с гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезнью (ГЭРБ), обусловливающие то, что у здоровых субъектов в момент ПРНПС из желудка в пищевод поступает только газ в отличие от больных рефлюксной болезнью. Ожирение увеличивает возможность появления ПРНПС, ассоциированных с рефлюксом жидкого содержимого из желудка.Заключение. С учетом понимания имеющихся регуляторных звеньев остается заманчивой реальность воздействия на двигательную функцию пищевода и особенно НПС. Изучение указанной функции открывает обнадеживающие перспективы улучшения лечения больных ГЭРБ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The aim of publication</title><p>The aim of publication. To present up-to-date data on the role of disorders of motor function of the esophagus in development of gastroesophageal reflux disease and mechanisms of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESR) on functional activity of antireflux barrier.</p></sec><sec><title>Original positions</title><p>Original positions. There are several components of TLESR mechanism: decrease of the lower esophageal sphincter pressure, modulated by inhibiting impulses; decrease of compression by crures of diaphragm; intensive contraction of longitudinal muscles of the esophagus; relaxation of circular musculature layer at its distal part. There are differences in TLESR mechanism between healthy persons and patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) i.e.: at healthy subjects only gas enters the esophagus from the stomach during TLESR in contrast to patients with reflux disease. Obesity increases potential of TLESR appearance, associated with reflux of liquid contents from the stomach.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Taking into account comprehension of available regulatory parts, reality of influence on esophageal motility and especially LES is tempting. Studying of this function opens encouraging prospects of improvement of treatment of GERD.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гастроэзофагеальная рефлюксная болезнь</kwd><kwd>преходящие расслабления нижнего пищеводного сфинктера</kwd><kwd>коррекция двигательных нарушений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gastroesophageal reflux disease</kwd><kwd>transient relaxations of lower esophageal sphincter</kwd><kwd>treatment of motor disorders</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ивашкин В.Т., Шептулин А.А., Трухманов А.С. Клинические аспекты функциональной диспепсии и эффективность ганатона (итоприда гидрохлорида) в ее лечении // Рос. журн. гастроэнтерол. гепатол. колопроктол. – 2009. – Т. 19, № 6. – С. 17–22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ивашкин В.Т., Шептулин А.А., Трухманов А.С. 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