gastro-jРоссийский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологииRussian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology1382-43762658-6673«Gastro» LLC10.22416/1382-4376-2025-1536-408gastro-j-1536Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSХирургическое лечение выпадения прямой кишки (история вопроса и современный взгляд)Surgical Treatment of Rectal Prolapse (History of the Issue and Modern Perspective — Literature Review)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1081-1793БирюковО. М.BiryukovO. M.

Бирюков Олег Михайлович — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии

123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2

Oleg M. Biryukov — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher of the Department of General and Reconstructive Coloproctology

123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilia str., 2

birol2009@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1207-5988МудровА. А.MudrovA. A.

Мудров Андрей Анатольевич — доктор медицинских наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр колопроктологии им. А.Н. Рыжих» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; профессор кафедры колопроктологии, ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации

123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2

Andrey A. Mudrov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Docent, Leading Researcher of the Department of General and Reconstructive Coloproctology, Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center for Coloproctology; Professor of the Department of Coloproctology, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilia str., 2

aa-mudrov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1636-8075ТитовА. Ю.TitovA. Yu.

Титов Александр Юрьевич — доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник отделения общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии

123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2

Alexander Yu. Titov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Chief Researcher of the Department of General and Reconstructive Coloproctology

123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilia str., 2

titov_ay@gnck.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1778-0571КостаревИ. В.KostarevI. V.

Костарев Иван Васильевич — доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий отделением общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр колопроктологии им. А.Н. Рыжих» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; профессор кафедры колопроктологии, ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации

123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2

Ivan V. Kostarev — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Docent, Head of the Department of General and Reconstructive Coloproctology, Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center for Coloproctology; Professor of the Department of Coloproctology, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilia str., 2

djovani_80@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0627-382XЛукьяновА. С.LukianovA. S.

Лукьянов Антон Сергеевич — кандидат медицинских наук, врач-колопроктолог отделения общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии

123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2

Anton S. Lukianov — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Coloproctologist of the Department of General and Reconstructive Coloproctology

123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilia str., 2

lookmed@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3403-9731ЖарковЕ. Е.ZharkovE. E.

Жарков Евгений Евгеньевич — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения общей и реконструктивной колопроктологии

123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2

Evgeny E. Zharkov — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher of the Department of General and Reconstructive Coloproctology

123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilia str., 2

zee@gnck.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-1155-3048ШавринаТ. Ю.ShavrinaT. Yu.

Шаврина Татьяна Юрьевна — врач-ординатор

123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2

Tatyana Yu. Shavrina — Attending Physician

123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilia str., 2

tania.2100@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9294-5447АчкасовС. И.AchkasovS. I.

Ачкасов Сергей Иванович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корр. РАН, директор, ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр колопроктологии им. А.Н. Рыжих» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; профессор кафедры колопроктологии, ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации

123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2

Sergey I. Achkasov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director, Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center for Coloproctology; Professor of the Department of Coloproctology, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilia str., 2

achkasovy@mail.ruФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр колопроктологии им. А.Н. Рыжих» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияRyzhikh National Medical Research Center for ColoproctologyRussian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр колопроктологии им. А.Н. Рыжих» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияRyzhikh National Medical Research Center for Coloproctology; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationRussian Federation2025250620253526168Copyright © Бирюков О.М., Мудров А.А., Титов А.Ю., Костарев И.В., Лукьянов А.С., Жарков Е.Е., Шаврина Т.Ю., Ачкасов С.И., 20252025Бирюков О.М., Мудров А.А., Титов А.Ю., Костарев И.В., Лукьянов А.С., Жарков Е.Е., Шаврина Т.Ю., Ачкасов С.И.Biryukov O.M., Mudrov A.A., Titov A.Y., Kostarev I.V., Lukianov A.S., Zharkov E.E., Shavrina T.Y., Achkasov S.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1536Цель обзора

Цель обзора: проанализировать данные по наиболее распространенным хирургическим вмешательствам по поводу выпадения прямой кишки.

Основные положения

Основные положения. В настоящее время существует более 100 способов хирургической коррекции выпадения прямой кишки, которые выполняются с использованием промежностного либо трансабдоминального доступа. Операции промежностным доступом чаще всего применяются у пациентов старшей возрастной группы с тяжелыми сопутствующими заболеваниями, а также при рецидиве выпадения прямой кишки. В остальных случаях преимущественным является трансабдоминальный доступ хирургических вмешательств. В настоящее время наиболее популярной операцией является лапароскопическая ректо(кольпо)-сакропексия.

Заключение

Заключение. Важно учитывать, что синдром опущения промежности сопровождается разнообразной клинической симптоматикой, в связи с этим пациенты с выпадением прямой кишки требуют индивидуального подхода. Недооценка указанных обстоятельств может привести к неблагоприятному функциональному результату лечения и рецидиву выпадения прямой кишки.

Aim

Aim: to assess the data on the most common surgical interventions for rectal prolapse.

Key points

Key points. At present, there are more than 100 methods of surgical correction of rectal prolapse that are carried out by means of the perineal or abdominal approach. Perineal surgical approaches are mostly performed in elderly patients who suffer from severe concomitant diseases, as well as in cases of recurrent rectal prolapse. In other cases, the abdominal approach is preferred for surgical interventions. Currently, the most popular surgery is laparoscopic recto(colpo)sacropexy.

Conclusion

Conclusion. It is important to consider that the descending perineum syndrome is accompanied by a variety of clinical symptoms; therefore, patients with rectal prolapse require a personalized approach. Underestimation of these factors may lead to an unfavorable outcome of functional treatment and recurrence of rectal prolapse.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.