<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-1547</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБМЕН ОПЫТОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXCHANG OF EXPERIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности диагностики и лечения запоров у лиц пожилого возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of diagnostics and treatment of constipation at patients of elderly age</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буторова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Butorova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Государственный институт усовершенствования врачей МО РФ</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>08</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Калинин А.В., Буторова Л.И., 2010</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2010</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калинин А.В., Буторова Л.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalinin A.V., Butorova L.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1547">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1547</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель обзора. Показать особенности диагностики и лечения запоров у лиц пожилого возраста.Основные положения. Запоры встречаются у 40% лиц старше 60 лет. К факторам риска развития запоров у лиц пожилого возраста относят: изменение характера питания (уменьшение в рационе пищевых волокон); малоподвижный образ жизни (вынужденное соблюдение постельного режима); сопутствующие заболевания (эндокринные, неврологические, психические нарушения – депрессия, деменция); лекарственно-индуцированные запоры; возрастные изменения толстой кишки. В основе диагностической концепции лежит положение, что запор – не болезнь, а лишь симптом. Диагностические мероприятия должны быть направлены на распознавание этиологии и типа запора. Лечение следует строить исходя из основного заболевания, а также с учетом возраста пациента. Основные направления лечения: диета, расширение режима двигательной активности, слабительные. В обзоре дана характеристика основных типов слабительных препаратов, которые используются у лиц пожилого возраста при запорах различного происхождения.Заключение. Запоры у больных пожилого возраста встречаются достаточно часто и могут отягощать состояние пациента. Комплексное лечение запоров существенно улучшает качество жизни больных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The aim of review</title><p>The aim of review. To demonstrate features of diagnostics and treatment of constipation at patients of elderly age.</p></sec><sec><title>Original positions</title><p>Original positions. Constipation is present at 40% of persons at the age of 60 years and older. Risk factors of constipation at people of elderly age include: change of pattern of nutrition (decrease of alimentary fibers content in ration); still lifestyle (compelled bed rest); presence of concomitant diseases (endocrine, neurologic, mental disorders – depression, dementia); drug-induced constipations; age-related changes of the large intestine. Diagnostic concept is based on the position, that constipation is not a disease, but is just a symptom. Diagnostic actions should be aimed to recognition of etiology and type of constipation. Treatment should be provided according to the basic disease, and the age of patient. Main components of treatment are: diet, broadening of physical activity regimen, purging. Review presents characteristics of basic types of laxatives that are used at patients of elderly age at constipations of various origin.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Constipation at patients of elderly age is quite frequent and can aggravate general state of the patient. Complex treatment of constipation essentially improves quality of life of patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>запор</kwd><kwd>пожилой возраст</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>constipation</kwd><kwd>elderly age</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Буторова Л.И., Калинин А.В. Значение лактулозы в регуляции кишечной микрофлоры // Клин. перспективы гастроэнтерол. гепатол. – 2002. – № 6. – С. 21–28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Буторова Л.И., Калинин А.В. Значение лактулозы в регуляции кишечной микрофлоры // Клин. перспективы гастроэнтерол. гепатол. – 2002. – № 6. – С. 21–28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дюкро Ф. Запор: диагностика и тактика ведения больных // Клин. перспективы гастроэнтерол. гепатол. – 2002. – № 1. – С. 35–37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Дюкро Ф. Запор: диагностика и тактика ведения больных // Клин. перспективы гастроэнтерол. гепатол. – 2002. – № 1. – С. 35–37.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ливзан М.А. Современные принципы лечения запоров // Рос. журн. гастроэнтерол. гепатол. колопроктол. – 2009. – Т. 19, № 7. – С. 70–74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ливзан М.А. Современные принципы лечения запоров // Рос. журн. гастроэнтерол. гепатол. колопроктол. – 2009. – Т. 19, № 7. – С. 70–74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маев И.В. Хронический запор // Лечащий врач. – 2001. – № 7. – С. 53–59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Маев И.В. Хронический запор // Лечащий врач. – 2001. – № 7. – С. 53–59.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Никифоров П.А., Ляпунова В.Н., Мореев И.И., Тарасова А.Ю. Применение дульколакса в подготовке к колоноскопии // Клин. перспективы гастроэнтерол. гепатол. – 2008. – № 6. – С. 31–34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Никифоров П.А., Ляпунова В.Н., Мореев И.И., Тарасова А.Ю. Применение дульколакса в подготовке к колоноскопии // Клин. перспективы гастроэнтерол. гепатол. – 2008. – № 6. – С. 31–34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Парфенов А.И. Энтерология: Руководство для врачей. – 2-е изд. – М.: ООО «Медицинское информационное агентство», 2009. – 880 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Парфенов А.И. Энтерология: Руководство для врачей. – 2-е изд. – М.: ООО «Медицинское информационное агентство», 2009. – 880 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Полуэктова Е.А., Курбатова А.А. Синдром раздраженного кишечника с запорами: клиника, диагностика, подходы к лечению // Клин. перспективы гастроэнтерол. гепатол. – 2008. – № 3. – С. 34–38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Полуэктова Е.А., Курбатова А.А. Синдром раздраженного кишечника с запорами: клиника, диагностика, подходы к лечению // Клин. перспективы гастроэнтерол. гепатол. – 2008. – № 3. – С. 34–38.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Badiali D., Marcheggiano A., Pallone F. et al. Melanosis of the rectum in patients with chronic constipation // Dis. Colon Rectum. – 1985. – Vol. 28, N 4. – P. 241– 245.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Badiali D., Marcheggiano A., Pallone F. et al. Melanosis of the rectum in patients with chronic constipation // Dis. Colon Rectum. – 1985. – Vol. 28, N 4. – P. 241– 245.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cash B.D., Lacy B.E. Systematic review: FDA-approved prescription medications for adults with constipation // Gastroenterol. Hepatol. – 2006. – N 2. – P. 736–749.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cash B.D., Lacy B.E. Systematic review: FDA-approved prescription medications for adults with constipation // Gastroenterol. Hepatol. – 2006. – N 2. – P. 736–749.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dennison С., Prasad M., Lloyd A. et al. The healthrelated quality of life and economic burden of constipation // Pharmacoeconomics. – 2005. – Vol. 23. – P. 461–476.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dennison С., Prasad M., Lloyd A. et al. The healthrelated quality of life and economic burden of constipation // Pharmacoeconomics. – 2005. – Vol. 23. – P. 461–476.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Drossman D.A., Dumitrascu D.L. Rome III: New standard for functional gastrointestinal disorders // J. Gastrointest. Liver Dis. – 2006. – Vol. 15, N 3. – P. 237–241.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Drossman D.A., Dumitrascu D.L. Rome III: New standard for functional gastrointestinal disorders // J. Gastrointest. Liver Dis. – 2006. – Vol. 15, N 3. – P. 237–241.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghoshal U.C. Review of pathogenesis and management of constipation // Trop. Gastroenterol. – 2007. – Vol. 28, N 3. – P. 91–95.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghoshal U.C. Review of pathogenesis and management of constipation // Trop. Gastroenterol. – 2007. – Vol. 28, N 3. – P. 91–95.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Graham M.G., Mokrynski G. Evidence based management of chronic constipation. – Patient Care. – 2007. – Vol. 41, N 7. – P. 22–27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Graham M.G., Mokrynski G. Evidence based management of chronic constipation. – Patient Care. – 2007. – Vol. 41, N 7. – P. 22–27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Green L. Using evidence-based medicine in clinical practice // Prim. Care. – 1998 – Vol. 25. – P. 391– 400.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Green L. Using evidence-based medicine in clinical practice // Prim. Care. – 1998 – Vol. 25. – P. 391– 400.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heyman S., Jones R., Scarlett Y. et al. Biofeedback treatment of constipation: a critical review // Dis. Colon Rectum. – 2003. – Vol. 46. – P. 1208–1217.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heyman S., Jones R., Scarlett Y. et al. Biofeedback treatment of constipation: a critical review // Dis. Colon Rectum. – 2003. – Vol. 46. – P. 1208–1217.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hsieh C. Treatment of constipation in older adults // Am. Fam. Physician. – 2005. – Vol. 72. – P. 2277– 2285.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hsieh C. Treatment of constipation in older adults // Am. Fam. Physician. – 2005. – Vol. 72. – P. 2277– 2285.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keinzle-Horn S., Vix J.M., Schuijt. C. et. al. Efficacy and safety of bisacodyl in the acute treatment, of constipation: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study // Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. – 2006. – Vol. 23, N 10. – P. 1479–1488.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keinzle-Horn S., Vix J.M., Schuijt. C. et. al. Efficacy and safety of bisacodyl in the acute treatment, of constipation: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study // Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. – 2006. – Vol. 23, N 10. – P. 1479–1488.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keinzle-Horn S., Vix J.M., Schuijt C. et al. Comparison of bisacodyl and sodium picosulphate in the treatment of chronic constipation // Curr. Med. Res. Opin. – 2007. – Vol. 23, N 4. – P. 691–699.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keinzle-Horn S., Vix J.M., Schuijt C. et al. Comparison of bisacodyl and sodium picosulphate in the treatment of chronic constipation // Curr. Med. Res. Opin. – 2007. – Vol. 23, N 4. – P. 691–699.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lennard-Jones J.E. Clinical classification of constipation // Constipation / Eds. M.A. Camm, J.E. Lennard-Jones. – Wrightson Biomedieal Publishing, 1994. – P. 3–10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lennard-Jones J.E. Clinical classification of constipation // Constipation / Eds. M.A. Camm, J.E. Lennard-Jones. – Wrightson Biomedieal Publishing, 1994. – P. 3–10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Longstreth G., Thompson W., Сhey W. et al. Functional bowel disorders // Gastro-entcrology. – 2006. – Vol. 130. – P. 1480–1491.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Longstreth G., Thompson W., Сhey W. et al. Functional bowel disorders // Gastro-entcrology. – 2006. – Vol. 130. – P. 1480–1491.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mihaylov S., Stark C., McColl E. et al. Stepped treatment of older adults on laxatives The STOOL trial // Health Technol. Assess. – 2008. – Vol. 12. N 13. – P. 1–160.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mihaylov S., Stark C., McColl E. et al. Stepped treatment of older adults on laxatives The STOOL trial // Health Technol. Assess. – 2008. – Vol. 12. N 13. – P. 1–160.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Müller-Lissner S. The difficult patient with constipation // Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol. – 2007. –Vol. 21, N 3. – P. 473–484.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Müller-Lissner S. The difficult patient with constipation // Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol. – 2007. –Vol. 21, N 3. – P. 473–484.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Müller-Lissner S., Kamm M., Scarpignato C., Wald A. Myths and misconceptions about chronic constipation // Am. J. Gastroenterol. – 2005. – Vol. 100. – P. 232– 242.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Müller-Lissner S., Kamm M., Scarpignato C., Wald A. Myths and misconceptions about chronic constipation // Am. J. Gastroenterol. – 2005. – Vol. 100. – P. 232– 242.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pare P., Bridges R., Champion M. et al. Recommendations on chronic constipation (including constipation associated with irritable bowel syndrome) treatment // Can. J. Gastroenterol. – 2007. – Vol. 21 (suppl. B). – P. 3–22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pare P., Bridges R., Champion M. et al. Recommendations on chronic constipation (including constipation associated with irritable bowel syndrome) treatment // Can. J. Gastroenterol. – 2007. – Vol. 21 (suppl. B). – P. 3–22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rao S.S. Constipation: evaluation and treatment of соlonic and anorectal motility disorders // Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. – 2007. – Vol. 36. N 3. – P. 687–711.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rao S.S. Constipation: evaluation and treatment of соlonic and anorectal motility disorders // Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. – 2007. – Vol. 36. N 3. – P. 687–711.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tonia M., Young-Fadok M.D., Pemberton J.H. Severe Persistent Constipation // Am. J. Gastroenterol. – 1999. – Vol. 94, N 3. – P. 562–563.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tonia M., Young-Fadok M.D., Pemberton J.H. Severe Persistent Constipation // Am. J. Gastroenterol. – 1999. – Vol. 94, N 3. – P. 562–563.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xing J.H., Suffer E. Adverse effects of laxatives // Dis. Colon Rectum. – 2001. – Vol. 44. – P. 1201–1209.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xing J.H., Suffer E. Adverse effects of laxatives // Dis. Colon Rectum. – 2001. – Vol. 44. – P. 1201–1209.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
