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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2025-35-4-71-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-1711</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кишечная микробиота, метаболизм триптофана, качество жизни, психоэмоциональные и когнитивные нарушения при функциональном запоре</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gut Microbiota, Tryptophan Metabolism, Quality of Life, Psychoemotional and Cognitive Impairments in Functional Constipation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5506-5555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulyanin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ульянин Анатолий Игоревич* — врач отделения хронических заболеваний кишечника и поджелудочной железы клиники пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии им. В.Х. Василенко, эксперт Координационно-аналитического центра по обеспечению химической и биологической безопасности</p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly I. Ulyanin* — Gastroenterologist of the Department of Chronic Intestinal and Pancreatic Diseases of the V.Kh. Vasilenko Clinic of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases,Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Expert of the Microbiota Reference Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, build. 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ulyanin_a_i@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1312-120X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полуэктова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poluektova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полуэктова Елена Александровна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского, врач-гастроэнтеролог отделения хронических заболеваний кишечника и поджелудочной железы Клиники пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии им. В.Х. Василенко</p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Poluektova — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Gastroenterologist of the Department of Chronic Intestinal and Pancreatic Diseases of the V.Kh. Vasilenko Clinic of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, build. 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">poluektova_e_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3722-8207</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtseva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудрявцева Анна Викторовна — доктор биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией постгеномных исследований, заместитель директора по научной работе</p><p>119334, г. Москва, ул. Вавилова, 32, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Kudryavtseva — Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Head of Postgenomic Research Laboratory, Deputy Director for Research</p><p>119991, Moscow, Vavilova str., 32</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rhizamoeba@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7847-2716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Морозова Маргарита Алексеевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель лаборатории психофармакологии</p><p>115522, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita A. Morozova — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Psychopharmacology</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highroad, 34</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">margmorozova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8148-2862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шифрин</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shifrin</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шифрин Олег Самуилович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского, заведующий отделением хронических заболеваний кишечника и поджелудочной железы Клиники пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии им. В.Х. Василенко</p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg S. Shifrin — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Head of the Department of Chronic Intestinaland Pancreatic Diseases of the V.Kh. Vasilenko Clinic of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, build. 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shifrin_o_s@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3690-8662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексеев Андрей Андреевич — кандидат психологических наук, старший преподаватель кафедры нейро- и патопсихологии факультета психологии Института психологии им. Л.С. Выготского</p><p>125047, г. Москва, ул. Чаянова, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Alekseev — Cand. Sci. (Psychol.), Senior Lecturer at the Department of Neuro- and Pathopsychology, Faculty of Psychology, Vygotsky Institute of Psychology</p><p>125047, Moscow, Chayanova str., 15</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alekseev.a.a@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5149-3760</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бениашвили</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beniashvili</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бениашвили Аллан Герович — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории психофармакологии</p><p>115522, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Allan G. Beniashvili — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Psychopharmacology</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highroad, 34</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">beniashvilia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2032-6289</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казей</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazey</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казей Василий Игоревич — кандидат биологических наук, советник генерального директора</p><p>117246, г. Москва, Научный пр., 20, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily I. Kazey — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Advisor to the General Director</p><p>117246, Moscow, Nauchny Drive, 20, build. 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasily.kazey@exactelabs.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6493-8378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Краснов</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnov</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Краснов Георгий Сергеевич — кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Вавилова, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Georgy S. Krasnov — Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology</p><p>119991, Moscow, Vavilova str., 32</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gskrasnov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7513-1636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масленников</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslennikov</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Масленников Роман Вячеславович — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии Институтаклинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского, эксперт Координационно-аналитического центра по обеспечению химической и биологической безопасности</p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman V. Maslennikov — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology of the N.V. SklifosovskyInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Expert of the Microbiota Reference Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, build. 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maslennikov_r_v@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1948-6090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рупчев</surname><given-names>Г. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rupchev</surname><given-names>G. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рупчев Георгий Евгеньевич — кандидат психологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории психофармакологии</p><p>115522, г. Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Georgiy E. Rupchev — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Researcher at the Laboratory of Psychopharmacology</p><p>115522, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highroad, 34</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rupchevgeorg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6815-6015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкин</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkin</surname><given-names>V. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивашкин Владимир Трофимович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии, директор Клиники пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии им. В.Х. Василенко</p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir T. Ivashkin — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Internal Diseases Propedeutics, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Director of V.Kh. Vasilenko Clinic of Internal Diseases Propedeutics, Gastroenterology and Hepatology</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, build. 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivashkin_v_t@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenovskiy University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН Институт молекулярной биологии имени В.А. Энгельгардта РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mental Health Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenovskiy University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский государственный гуманитарный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State University for the Humanities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Экзактэ Лабс»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Exacte Labs</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>35</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ульянин А.И., Полуэктова Е.А., Кудрявцева А.В., Морозова М.А., Шифрин О.С., Алексеев А.А., Бениашвили А.Г., Казей В.И., Краснов Г.С., Масленников Р.В., Рупчев Г.Е., Ивашкин В.Т., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ульянин А.И., Полуэктова Е.А., Кудрявцева А.В., Морозова М.А., Шифрин О.С., Алексеев А.А., Бениашвили А.Г., Казей В.И., Краснов Г.С., Масленников Р.В., Рупчев Г.Е., Ивашкин В.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ulyanin A.I., Poluektova E.A., Kudryavtseva A.V., Morozova M.A., Shifrin O.S., Alekseev A.A., Beniashvili A.G., Kazey V.I., Krasnov G.S., Maslennikov R.V., Rupchev G.E., Ivashkin V.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1711">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1711</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучить взаимосвязь между особенностями метаболизма триптофана, составом кишечной микробиоты, маркерами системного воспаления и кортизолом, качеством жизни, а также состоянием психоэмоциональной и когнитивной сфер у пациенток с функциональным запором (ФЗ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование было включено 64 пациентки с ФЗ и 26 женщин без ФЗ, сопоставимых по возрасту и ИМТ (р &gt; 0,05). Всем испытуемым проводилась оценка состава кишечной микробиоты в образцах кала (с помощью секвенирования 16S рРНК), связанного со здоровьем качества жизни (SF-36), состояния психоэмоциональной сферы (4DSQ, тест Спилбергера — Ханина, шкала Гамильтона), когнитивного статуса (когнитивные тесты BACS). Для оценки метаболизма триптофана исследовались уровни интерлейкина-1β, кортизола, нейротрофического фактора головного мозга, триптофана, кинуренина, кинуреновой кислоты, сывороточного и тромбоцитарного серотонина.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В отличие от женщин без ФЗ, пациентки с данным заболеванием имели более высокие уровни кортизола (325 [266; 403] vs. 275 [255; 304] нмоль/л; p = 0,025), интерлейкина-1β (10,0 [9,2; 11,2] vs.  7,2 [6,5; 7,8] пг/мл; p &lt; 0,001) и кинуренина в крови (0,65 [0,54; 0,82] vs. 0,44 [0,35; 0,48] мкг/мл; p &lt; 0,001), а также меньший уровень серотонина плазмы (108 [85; 134] vs. 163 [117; 190] нг/мл; p &lt; 0,001). При этом содержание триптофана, нейротрофического фактора головного мозга и кинурениновой кислоты в плазме крови и серотонина в тромбоцитах не различалось между группами. У пациенток с ФЗ наблюдались более выраженная депрессия по шкале Гамильтона (8 [6; 9] vs. 3 [2; 3] баллов; p &lt; 0,001) и соматизация (9 [7; 12] vs. 5 [3; 9] баллов; p &lt; 0,001); меньшие показатели когнитивной функции (50 [45; 54] vs. 54 [53; 56] баллов; p &lt; 0,001), в том числе ответственной за слухоречевую память (p &lt; 0,001) и скорость обработки информации (p &lt; 0,001); снижение параметров качества жизни по опроснику SF-36 по шкалам физического функционирования (90 [83; 95] vs. 95 [95; 95] баллов; р &lt; 0,001) и телесной боли (60 [50; 70] vs. 75 [56; 85] баллов; р &lt; 0,001). Уровень кортизола прямо коррелировал с показателем качества жизни по шкале телесной боли (r = 0,379; p= 0,003), а уровень интерлейкина-1β — обратно со шкалами телесной боли (r = –0,391; p = 0,002), физического функционирования (r = –0,448; p &lt; 0,001) и вербальной памяти (r = –0,252; p = 0,046), а также прямо с выраженностью депрессии (r = 0,311; p = 0,013) и соматизации (r = 0,266; p = 0,035). Уровень кортизола прямо коррелировал с обилием бактерий рода Oscillospira (r = 0,45; p = 0,01), а кинуренина — с Alistipes (r = 0,36; р = 0,04); содержание серотонина в плазме прямо коррелировало с обилием представителей рода Haemophilus (r = 0,37; p = 0,03) и обратно — с Bacteroides plebeius (r = –0,40; p = 0,02). Обнаружена прямая корреляция показателей качества жизни по шкале физического функционирования с обилием представителей рода Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 (r = 0,35; p = 0,04) и обратная корреляция выраженности депрессии (4DSQ) с уровнем Alistipes (r = –0,37; p = 0,03). Также выявлена обратная корреляция скорости обработки информации с обилием представителей класса Bacilli (r = –0,48; p = 0,004), порядков Lactobacillales (r = –0,48; p = 0,004) и Pasteurellales (r = –0,36; p = 0,03), семейств Pasteurellaceae (r = –0,36; p = 0,03) и Streptococcaceae (r = –0,47; p = 0,006), родов Haemophilus (r = –0,41; p = 0,02) и Streptococcus (r = –0,38; р = 0,02).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Согласно полученным результатам, у пациенток с функциональным запором изменен метаболизм триптофана и нарушен состав кишечной микробиоты, что сопровождается развитием депрессии и соматизации, нарушением когнитивной функции и снижением качества жизни, связанного со здоровьем.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to investigate the relationship between tryptophan metabolism features, gut microbiota composition, systemic inflammation markers, cortisol levels, quality of life, and psychoemotional and cognitive status in female patients with functional constipation (FC).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 64 female patients with FC and 26 age- and BMI-matched women without FC (p &gt; 0.05). All participants underwent assessment of gut microbiota composition in stool samples (via 16S rRNA sequencing), health-related quality of life (SF-36), psychoemotional status (4DSQ, Spielberger — Hanin test, Hamilton scale), and cognitive function (BACS cognitive tests). Tryptophan metabolism was evaluated by measuring levels of interleukin-1β, cortisol, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and serum and platelet serotonin.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Compared to women without FC, female patients with FC had higher levels of cortisol (325 [266; 403] vs. 275</p></sec><sec><title>[255; 304] nmol/L; p = 0</title><p>[255; 304] nmol/L; p = 0.025), interleukin-1β (10.0 [9.2; 11.2] vs. 7.2 [6.5; 7.8] pg/mL; p &lt; 0.001), and blood kynurenine (0.65 [0.54; 0.82] vs. 0.44 [0.35; 0.48] μg/mL; p &lt; 0.001), as well as lower plasma serotonin levels (108 [85; 134]  vs. 163 [117; 190] ng/mL; p &lt; 0.001). No differences were found between groups in plasma tryptophan, BDNF, kynurenic acid, or platelet serotonin. Patients with FC exhibited more pronounced depression (Hamilton scale: 8 [6; 9]  vs. 3 [2; 3] points; p &lt; 0.001) and somatization (9 [7; 12] vs. 5 [3; 9] points; p &lt; 0.001); lower cognitive function scores (50 [45; 54] vs. 54 [53; 56] points; p &lt; 0.001), particularly in auditory-verbal memory (p &lt; 0.001) and information processing speed (p &lt; 0.001); and reduced quality of life (SF-36) in physical functioning (90 [83; 95] vs.  95 [95; 95] points; p &lt; 0.001) and bodily pain (60 [50; 70] vs. 75 [56; 85] points; p &lt; 0.001). Cortisol levels positively correlated with bodily pain (r = 0.379; p = 0.003), while interleukin-1β levels inversely correlated with bodily pain (r = –0.391; p = 0.002), physical functioning (r = –0.448; p &lt; 0.001), and verbal memory (r = –0.252; p = 0.046), and positively correlated with depression (r = 0.311; p = 0.013) and somatization (r = 0.266; p = 0.035). Cortisol levels correlated positively with Oscillospira (r = 0.45; p = 0.01), while kynurenine levels correlated with Alistipes (r = 0.36; p = 0.04) abundance. Plasma serotonin positively correlated with Haemophilus (r = 0.37; p = 0.03) and inversely with Bacteroides plebeius (r = –0.40; p = 0.02) abundance. Physical functioning (SF-36) positively correlated with Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group (r = 0.35; p = 0.04), while depression severity (4DSQ) inversely correlated with Alistipes abundance (r = –0.37; p = 0.03). Information processing speed is inversely correlated with abundance of Bacilli (r = –0.48; p = 0.004), Lactobacillales (r = –0.48; p = 0.004), Pasteurellales (r = –0.36; p = 0.03), Pasteurellaceae (r = –0.36; p = 0.03), Streptococcaceae (r = –0.47; p = 0.006), Haemophilus (r = –0.41; p = 0.02), and Streptococcus (r = –0.38; p = 0.02).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The findings indicate that women with functional constipation exhibit altered tryptophan metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis, associated with depression, somatization, cognitive impairment, and reduced health-related quality of life.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кишечная микробиота</kwd><kwd>микробиом</kwd><kwd>функциональный запор</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>тревога</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd><kwd>SF-36</kwd><kwd>когнитивная функция</kwd><kwd>соматизация</kwd><kwd>триптофан</kwd><kwd>серотонин</kwd><kwd>кинуренин</kwd><kwd>интерлейкин</kwd><kwd>кортизол</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gut microbiota</kwd><kwd>microbiome</kwd><kwd>functional constipation</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>quality of life</kwd><kwd>SF-36</kwd><kwd>cognitive&#13;
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