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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2026-36-1-7-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-1824</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Идиопатический гастропарез</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Idiopathic Gastroparesis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0069-7744</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigor’eva</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорьева Ирина Николаевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории гастроэнтерологии, профессор отдела образования</p><p>630089, г. Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, 175/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Grigor’eva — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Chief Researcher of the Gastroenterology Laboratory, Professor of the Education Department</p><p>630089, Novosibirsk, Borisa Bogatkova str., 175/1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grigorieva2024@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины — филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр “Институт цитологии и генетики” Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine — Branch of the Institution of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>36</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Григорьева И.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Григорьева И.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grigor’eva I.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1824">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1824</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: дать характеристику частоты, клинических признаков, патофизиологических механизмов, диагностики и лечения пациентов с идиопатическим гастропарезом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Поиск источников проводили в общедоступных базах данных рецензируемой научной литературы РИНЦ, CyberLeninka, PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar в 1990–2025 гг. по ключевым словам «идиопатический гастропарез», «симптомы», «патофизиология», «диагностика», «лечение», «консенсус».</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Консенсусы Объединенного европейского гастроэнтерологического общества международных обществ нейрогастроэнтерологии и моторики по гастропарезу (2021) и Римского фонда по идиопатическому гастропарезу (2025) определяют идиопатический гастропарез как симптомы тошноты и рвоты с часто сопутствующими постпрандиальным переполнением и ранним насыщением, связанные с задержкой опорожнения желудка при отсутствии механической обструкции. По оценкам экспертов, частота гастропареза в США составляет 0,16–4 %. Среди возможных патофизиологических механизмов идиопатического гастропареза (дисфункция n. vagus и гладкомышечных клеток, потеря интерстициальных клеток Кахаля, nNOS, макрофагов, экспрессирующих гемоксигеназу-1, аномалии синцития PDGFRα+-клеток и др.), наиболее доказана автономная нейропатия с потерей энтеральных нервов. В диагностике идиопатического гастропареза предпочтительны сцинтиграфия в течение 4 часов и 13С-дыхательный тест. Рекомендации Консенсусов в лечении идиопатического гастропареза: нутрициологическая поддержка, из всего спектра фармакологических и хирургических вмешательств потенциально полезными являются прокинетики и противорвотные средства.</p><p>Однако зачастую результаты лечения не удовлетворяют клиническим потребностям.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Необходимы широкомасштабные проспективные исследования альтернативных подходов к диагностике и индивидуализированных методов лечения идиопатического гастропареза.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to characterize the incidence, clinical features, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment of patients with idiopathic gastroparesis.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The search for sources was carried out in publicly available databases of peer-reviewed scientific literature RSCI, CyberLeninka, PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar in 1990–2025 using the keywords  “idiopathic gastroparesis”, “symptoms”, “pathophysiology”, “diagnosis”, “treatment”, “consensus”.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The Consensus of the United European Gastroenterology and European Society for Neurogastroenterology and Motility on gastroparesis (2021) and the Rome Foundation and International Neurogastroenterology and Motility Societies Consensus on idiopathic gastroparesis (2025) define idiopathic gastroparesis (gastroparesis of unknown etiology) as symptoms of nausea and vomiting, often accompanied by postprandial fullness and early satiety, associated with delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction. According to expert estimates, the incidence of gastroparesis in the USA is 0.16–4 %. Among the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of idiopathic gastroparesis (dysfunction of n. vagus and smooth muscle cells, loss of interstitial cells of Cajal, nNOS, macrophages, expressing heme oxygenase-1, abnormalities of syncytium of PDGFRα+-cells, etc.), autonomic neuropathy with loss of enteric nerves is the most proven. In the diagnosis of idiopathic gastroparesis, 4-hour scintigraphy and 13C breath test are preferred. Consensus recommendations for the idiopathic gastroparesis treatment: nutritional support, from the spectrum of pharmacological and surgical interventions, prokinetics and antiemetics are potentially useful. However, the results of treatment often do not adequately address clinical needs.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Large-scale prospective studies of alternative approaches to diagnosis and to individualized methods of idiopathic gastroparesis treatment are needed.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>идиопатический гастропарез</kwd><kwd>симптомы</kwd><kwd>патофизиология</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>консенсус</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>idiopathic gastroparesis</kwd><kwd>symptoms</kwd><kwd>pathophysiology</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>consensus</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания по теме «Изучение молекулярно-генетических и молекулярно-биологических механизмов развития распространенных терапевтических заболеваний в Сибири для совершенствования подходов к их ранней диагностике и профилактике»,  2024–2028 гг. 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