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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-1914</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клиническая картина, факторы риска и иммуногистохимические маркеры при пищеводе Баррета</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical pattern, risk factors and immunohistochemical markers at Barret’s esophagus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кардашева</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kardasheva</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трухманов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trukhmanov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демура</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demura</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коньков</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kon’kov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Склянская</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sklyanskaya</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коган</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kogan</surname><given-names>Ye. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкин</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkin</surname><given-names>V. Т.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кардашева С.С., Трухманов А.С., Демура Т.А., Коньков М.Ю., Склянская О.А., Коган Е.А., Ивашкин В.Т., 2008</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2008</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кардашева С.С., Трухманов А.С., Демура Т.А., Коньков М.Ю., Склянская О.А., Коган Е.А., Ивашкин В.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kardasheva S.S., Trukhmanov A.S., Demura T.A., Kon’kov M.Y., Sklyanskaya O.A., Kogan Y.A., Ivashkin V.Т.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1914">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1914</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Изучение особенностей клинической и морфологической картины пищевода Баррета в целях совершенствования его диагностики и прогноза риска малигнизации.Материал и методы. В исследование были вовлечены 120 пациентов с гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезнью (ГЭРБ). Обследование включало проведение полипозиционного рентгенологического исследования пищевода и желудка, эзофагогастродуоденоскопию, 24-­часовое мониторирование рН в пищеводе и желудке, морфологическое и иммуногистохимическое исследование биопсийного материала слизистой оболочки пищевода. Иммуногистохимическое исследование состояло из изучения уровня апоптоза, пролиферации, дифференцировки эпителиальных клеток пищевода и экспрессии онкомаркера р53 на фоне терапии ингибиторами протонной помпы (ИПП). Статистическая обработка результатов проведена при помощи программного пакета «SPSS 13 for Windows».Результаты. Отмечено частое (в 64% случаев) развитие цилиндрической метаплазии эпителия пищевода при эрозивной форме ГЭРБ (в 46%– желудочной, в 18% – кишечной). Как правило, кишечная метаплазия эпителия была неполной и на ее фоне выявлялась дисплазия, преимущественно низкой степени (75%). В одном случае на фоне дисплазии высокой степени была диагностирована аденокарцинома. Кишечная метаплазия и дисплазия чаще встречались у мужчин – соотношение мужчины:женщины составило 5,5:1 (при дисплазии и малигнизации 9:1).Сравнительный анализ клинической картины пищевода Баррета и эрозивного эзофагита не выявил значимых различий основных симптомов (интенсивности и частоты изжоги, одинофагии, регургитации). Для пищевода Баррета было характерно длительное (в среднем 5–14,5 года; р=0,008) и часто рецидивирующее течение ГЭРБ (r=0,4; р=0,01). Распространенность курения была выше (р=0,05) при кишечной метаплазии эпителия (67%), чем при желудочной метаплазии (38%) и неосложненной рефлюксной болезни (35%). Развитие кишечной метаплазии и дисплазии в пищеводе сопровождалось повышением индекса апоптоза и пролиферации (р&lt;0,05). При дисплазии высокой степени и в препаратах аденокарциномы индекс апоптоза снижался, а пролиферация продолжала возрастать. Белок р53 не определялся в многослойном плоском эпителии и при желудочной метаплазии, выявлялся в некоторых клетках кишечной метаплазии. Его экспрессия существенно увеличивалась при дисплазии и была максимальной в аденокарциноме (р&lt;0,05).На фоне лечения ИПП наблюдалось снижение пролиферации во всех типах эпителия пищевода и снижение апоптоза в многослойном плоском и в желудочном эпителии. В кишечном эпителии возрастал индекс апоптоза, что коррелировало с динамикой степени воспаления в слизистой оболочке пищевода.Выводы. По нашим данным, для прогноза риска развития пищевода Баррета на фоне ГЭРБ наибольшее значение имеет совокупность факторов: принадлежность к мужскому полу, возраст старше 50 лет, рецидивы эрозивного эзофагита несколько раз в год, анамнез ГЭРБ более 5 лет, курение. Увеличение пролиферативной активности, экспрессии р53 и уменьшение индекса апоптоза могут служить маркерами высокого риска малигнизации на фоне дисплазии эпителия в пищеводе Баррета.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim of investigation</title><p>Aim of investigation. To study clinical and morphological pattern of Barret’s esophagus to improve its diagnostics and prognosis of neoplastic transformation.</p></sec><sec><title>Stuff and methods</title><p>Stuff and methods. 120 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have been enrolled to the study. Investigation included polypositional X-ray of esophagus and stomach, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, 24-hour рН monitoring in esophagus and the stomach, morphological and immunohistochemical investigation of esophageal mucosa biopsies. Immunohistochemical investigation consisted of assessment of grade of apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation of epithelial cells of esophagus and expression of tumor marker р53 on a background of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) therapy. Statistical analysis was carried out by software pack «SPSS 13 for Windows».</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Frequent (in 64% of cases) development of cylindrical metaplasia of esophageal epithelium at erosive GERD (in 46% – gastric, in 18% – intestinal) was revealed. As a rule, the intestinal metaplasia of epithelium was incomplete with development of dysplasia, mainly of low grade on its background (75%). In one case on a background of high grade dysplasia adenocarcinoma has been diagnosed. Intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia were diagnosed more often in males and males/females ratio has made 5,5:1 (at dysplasia and neoplastic transformation — 9:1). Comparative analysis of clinical pattern of Barret’s esophagus and erosive esophagitis has not revealed significant differences of basic symptoms (intensity and frequency of heartburn, odynophagia, regurgitation). For Barret’s esophagus long (mean 5–14,5 years; р=0,008) and frequently relapsing course of GERD (r=0,4; р=0,01) was typical. Prevalence of smoking was higher (р=0,05) at intestinal metaplasia of epithelium (67%), than at gastric metaplasia (38 %) and uncomplicated reflux disease (35 %). Development of intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia in esophagus was accompanied by rise of apoptotic index and proliferation (р&lt;0,05). At dysplasia of high degree and in adenocarcinoma specimens apoptotic index decreased, and proliferation continued to grow. р53 protein was not detected in multilayer squamous epithelium and at gastric metaplasia, it was found at some cells at intestinal metaplasia. Its expression was essentially increased at dysplasia and was maximal in adenocarcinoma (р&gt;&lt;0,05). On background of PPI treatment decrease of proliferation in all types of epithelium of esophagus and suppression of apoptosis in multilayer squamous and gastric epithelium was observed. At intestinal epithelium apoptotic index grew, that correlated to esophageal mucosa inflammation degree. Conclusions. According to our data, prognosis of Barret’s esophagus development at the background of GERD is based on the set of factors: male gender, age over 50 years, relapses of erosive esophagitis several times per year, past history of GERD for more than 5 years, smoking. Increase of proliferative activity, р53 expression and decrease of apoptotic index can serve as markers of high risk of neoplastic transformation on a background of dysplasia of Barret’s esophagus epithelium.&gt;&lt;0,05). At dysplasia of high degree and in adenocarcinoma specimens apoptotic index decreased, and proliferation continued to grow. р53 protein was not detected in multilayer squamous epithelium and at gastric metaplasia, it was found at some cells at intestinal metaplasia. Its expression was essentially increased at dysplasia and was maximal in adenocarcinoma (р&lt;0,05). On background of PPI treatment decrease of proliferation in all types of epithelium of esophagus and suppression of apoptosis in multilayer squamous and gastric epithelium was observed. At intestinal epithelium apoptotic index grew, that correlated to esophageal mucosa inflammation degree.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. According to our data, prognosis of Barret’s esophagus development at the background of GERD is based on the set of factors: male gender, age over 50 years, relapses of erosive esophagitis several times per year, past history of GERD for more than 5 years, smoking. Increase of proliferative activity, р53 expression and decrease of apoptotic index can serve as markers of high risk of neoplastic transformation on a background of dysplasia of Barret’s esophagus epithelium.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пищевод Баррета</kwd><kwd>клиническая картина</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимические маркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Barret’s esophagus</kwd><kwd>clinical pattern</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>immunehistochemical markers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бектаева Р.Р. 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