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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2017-27-6-78-86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-195</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ШКОЛА ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГОВ, ГЕПАТОЛОГОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NATIONAL COLLEGE OF GASTROENTEROLOGISTS, HEPATOLOGISTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные представления о факторах риска развития рака желудка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Stomach cancer risk factors: the modern concept</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хомяков</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khomyakov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">vladimirkhom@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермошина</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yermoshina</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирогов</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirogov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябов</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский радиологический центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal government-financed institution «National Medical Research Radiological Centre»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хомяков В.М., Ермошина А.Д., Пирогов С.С., Рябов А.Б., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хомяков В.М., Ермошина А.Д., Пирогов С.С., Рябов А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khomyakov V.M., Yermoshina A.D., Pirogov S.S., Ryabov A.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/195">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/195</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель обзора. Систематизировать информацию о факторах риска развития рака желудка с целью осуществления мероприятий по его профилактике, а также выявить группы повышенного риска развития рака желудка для формирования скрининговых программ. Основные положения. Рак желудка (РЖ) во всем мире занимает одну из лидирующих позиций по заболеваемости и смертности среди злокачественных новообразований. На ранних стадиях РЖ проте- кает бессимптомно, что объясняет высокую частоту выявления его местно-распространенных и диссеминированных форм при первичной диагностике. Скрининговые программы, направленные на раннее выявление РЖ, показали свою эффективность лишь в Азиатском регионе. Основную роль в раннем выявлении данного заболевания играет онкологическая настороженность врачей поликлинического звена и гастроэнтерологов, а также информированность пациентов. Понимание основных причин и механизмов развития РЖ, знание ключевых факторов риска позволяют выделять группы риска развития данной патологии среди населения и активно выявлять предраковые заболевания и начальные формы РЖ.  Заключение. Рак желудка - полиэтиологичное заболевание, которое развивается под воздействием и при взаимодействии внешних и внутренних факторов. РЖ кишечного типа и РЖ диффузного типа имеют различный патогенез и факторы риска. Оценка факторов риска позволяет осуществлять профилактику заболевания, а также выявлять группы риска, в которых необходимо проводить мероприятия по профилактике и ранней диагностике РЖ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim of review. To present the systematic overview of the stomach cancer risk factors to determine prophylactic measures and to define high-risk groups of population that can be included to the screening programs.  Summary. Stomach cancer (SC) represents one of the leading causes for morbidity and mortality among malignant neoplasms worldwide. SC is asymptomatic at early stages that causes higher rate of locally advanced and disseminated forms of the tumor at primary diagnosis. SC early detection screening programs demonstrated high efficacy only in the Asian region. The main role in early detection of this disease is played by oncological alertness of doctors at outpatient clinics and gastroenterologists, as well as the patient education. The understanding of basic etiologic and predisposing factors and mechanisms of SC development, knowledge of key risk factors allow to distinguish high-risk groups from the general population and to carry out active revealing of premalignant lesions and early forms of SC.  Conclusion. Stomach cancer is a multifactorial disease which develops under effect and interaction of external and internal factors. Intestinal type SC and diffuse type SC have various pathogenesis and risk factors. Risk factor estimation provides effective prophylaxis of the disease, and also to reveal high risk groups for preventive and screening programs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак желудка</kwd><kwd>факторы риска развития рака желудка</kwd><kwd>диффузный тип</kwd><kwd>кишечный тип</kwd><kwd>эндогенные факторы</kwd><kwd>экзогенные факторы</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torre L.A., Bray F., Siegel R.L. et al. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin 2015; 65(2):87-108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torre L.A., Bray F., Siegel R.L. et al. Global cancer statistics, 2012. 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