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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-1982</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спектр соматических мутаций в генах APC, k-Ras и TP53 у российских пациентов с колоректальным раком и предраковыми заболеваниями толстой кишки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Spectrum of somatic mutations in APC, k-Ras and TP53 genes at the Russian patients with colorectal cancer and premalignant diseases of the large intestine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костин</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostin</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Генерозов</surname><given-names>Э. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Generozov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаржевская</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharzhevskaya</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Говорун</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Govorun</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапина</surname><given-names>Т. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapina</surname><given-names>T. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрьева</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yur’yeva</surname><given-names>Ye. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Склянская</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sklyanskaya</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкин</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkin</surname><given-names>V. Т.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mayev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любезнова</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubeznova</surname><given-names>I. J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубев</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubev</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучерявый</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kucheryavy</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>08</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Костин П.А., Генерозов Э.В., Захаржевская Н.Б., Говорун В.М., Лапина Т.Л., Юрьева Е.Ю., Склянская О.А., Ивашкин В.Т., Маев И.В., Любезнова И.Ю., Голубев Н.Н., Кучерявый Ю.А., 2008</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2008</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Костин П.А., Генерозов Э.В., Захаржевская Н.Б., Говорун В.М., Лапина Т.Л., Юрьева Е.Ю., Склянская О.А., Ивашкин В.Т., Маев И.В., Любезнова И.Ю., Голубев Н.Н., Кучерявый Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kostin P.A., Generozov E.V., Zakharzhevskaya N.B., Govorun V.M., Lapina T.L., Yur’yeva Y.Y., Sklyanskaya O.A., Ivashkin V.Т., Mayev I.V., Lyubeznova I.J., Golubev N.N., Kucheryavy Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1982">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/1982</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Комплексный анализ спектра соматических мутаций в генах TP53, APC, k-­Ras и BRAF у российских пациентов со злокачественными новообразованиями, полипами и воспалительными заболеваниями толстой кишки (ТК), оценка диагностической информативности такого анализа.Материал и методы. Проведен анализ соматических мутаций генов APC, k­-Ras, TP53 и BRAF в биоптатах или операционном материале у больных с аденокарциномой (n=24), аденоматозными полипами (n=37), гиперпластическими полипами (n=17) и воспалительными заболеваниями ТК (n=69), а также у пациентов контрольной группы с синдромом раздраженного кишечника (n=25). Определение нуклеотидной последовательности генов осуществляли с использованием набора ABI Prism® BigDye® Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction Kit на автоматическом секвенаторе ABI Prism® 3100 Genetic Analyzer («Applied Biosystems», США; «Hitachi», Япония) в соответствии с инструкцией производителя, a также с использованием оригинального метода масс­спектрометрического минисеквенирования.Результаты. Охарактеризовано 50 патогенных вариантов соматических мутаций: 31 – в гене APC, 5 – в гене k-­Ras и 14 – в гене TP53. Мутаций в гене BRAF обнаружено не было. Выявлено 12 новых, неопубликованных ранее вариантов мутаций гена APC и одна протяженная делеция в гене TP53. Общая выявляемость мутаций у пациентов с аденокарциномами составила 66%, при аденоматозных и гиперпластических полипах – 49 и 59% соответственно. У больных с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника и пациентов контрольной группы мутаций не найдено. Потенциальная диагностическая чувствительность при использовании охарактеризованных мутаций для выявления новообразований ТК составляет 58% (95% доверительный интервал 47–69%) при 100% специфичности метода.Заключение. Показано статистически достоверное различие в частоте мутаций гена TP53 у больных с аденокарциномами и пациентов с доброкачественными новообразованиями ТК (p=0,02). Обсуждается информативность использования исследованных генетических маркеров для ранней диагностики рака толстой кишки и оценки клинико­морфологических особенностей заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim of investigation</title><p>Aim of investigation. Complex analysis of a spectrum of somatic mutations in TP53, APC, k-Ras and BRAF genes in Russian patients with malignant neoplasms, polyps and inflammatory diseases, evaluation of diagnostic information value of such analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Stuff and methods</title><p>Stuff and methods. Analysis of somatic mutations of APC, k-Ras, TP53 and BRAF genes in biopsy samples or surgical specimens in patients with adenocarcinoma (n=24), adenomatous polyps (n=37), hyperplastic polyps (n=17) and inflammatory bowel diseases (n=69), as well as for patients with irritable bowel syndrome, that formed a control group (n=25) was carried out. DNA sequencing was performed with the ABI Prism BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction Kit on the ABI Prism 3100 Genetic Analyzer («Applied Biosystems», USA; «Hitachi», Japan) according to the manufacture manual as well as with use of original mass-spectrometry minisequencing method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 50 pathogenic somatic mutations were determined: 31 – in APC gene, 5 – in k-Ras gene and 14 – in TP53 gene. Mutations in BRAF gene were not revea­led. 12 novel somatic mutations of APC gene and one extended deletion in gene TP53 were revealed. General detectability of mutations in adenocarcinoma patients was 66%, in adenomatous and hyperplastic polyps – 49 and 59% respectively. Mutations were not found in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and control group patients. Potential diagnostic sensitivity of these mutations for diagnostics of colorectal neoplasms was 58% (95%-confidence interval was 47–69%) at 100%- specificity of the method.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Statistically significant difference in TP53 gene mutation frequencies in patients with adenocarcinomas and patients with benign colorectal neoplasms (p=0,02) was demonstrated. Information value of the studied genetical markers for early diagnostics of colorectal cancer and evaluation of clinical and morphological features of disease is discussed.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак толстой кишки</kwd><kwd>соматические мутации</kwd><kwd>APC</kwd><kwd>kRas</kwd><kwd>TP53</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>somatic mutations</kwd><kwd>APC</kwd><kwd>k-Ras</kwd><kwd>TP53</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Давыдов М.И., Аксель Е.М. Статистика злокачественных новообразований в России и странах СНГ в 2005 г. // Вестн. РОНЦ им. Н.Н. Блохина РАМН. – 2007. – Т. 18, № 2 (прил. 1).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Давыдов М.И., Аксель Е.М. Статистика злокачественных новообразований в России и странах СНГ в 2005 г. // Вестн. РОНЦ им. Н.Н. 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