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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-2-72-100</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-232</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL GUIDELINES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинические рекомендации Российской гастроэнтерологической ассоциации по диагностике и лечению экзокринной недостаточности поджелудочной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostics and treatment of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency: clinical guidelines of the Russian gastroenterological association</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкин</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkin</surname><given-names>V. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mayev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Охлобыстин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Okhlobystin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеенко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseyenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белобородова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beloborodova</surname><given-names>Ye. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучерявый</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kucheryavy</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапина</surname><given-names>Т. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapina</surname><given-names>T. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трухманов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trukhmanov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлынов</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlynov</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чикунова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chikunova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шептулин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheptulin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шифрин</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shifrin</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Дальневосточный государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far East state medical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian state medical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural state medical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ивашкин В.Т., Маев И.В., Охлобыстин А.В., Алексеенко С.А., Белобородова Е.В., Кучерявый Ю.А., Лапина Т.Л., Трухманов А.С., Хлынов И.Б., Чикунова М.В., Шептулин А.А., Шифрин О.С., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ивашкин В.Т., Маев И.В., Охлобыстин А.В., Алексеенко С.А., Белобородова Е.В., Кучерявый Ю.А., Лапина Т.Л., Трухманов А.С., Хлынов И.Б., Чикунова М.В., Шептулин А.А., Шифрин О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivashkin V.T., Mayev I.V., Okhlobystin A.V., Alekseyenko S.A., Beloborodova Y.V., Kucheryavy Y.A., Lapina T.L., Trukhmanov A.S., Khlynov I.B., Chikunova M.V., Sheptulin A.A., Shifrin O.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/232">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/232</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель публикации. Ознакомить практикующих врачей с современными представлениями о причинах развития и патогенезе экзокринной недостаточности поджелудочной железы (ПЖ), а также принятыми в настоящее время подходами к диагностике и лечению этого синдрома. Основные положения. Экзокринная панкреатическая недостаточность (ЭПН) - это состояние, при котором активность ферментов, секретируемых в просвет двенадцатиперстной кишки, недостаточна для поддержания нормального переваривания пищи. Этот синдром может развиваться как первично, вследствие различных заболеваний ПЖ (хронический панкреатит, рак, муковисцидоз), так и вторично, при нарушении стимуляции панкреатической секреции или ухудшении условий, необходимых для действия пищеварительных ферментов. Основные клинические проявления ЭПН - мальдигестия и мальабсорбция, приводящие к развитию трофологической недостаточности. Стандартизованные методы оценки экзокринной функции ПЖ не разработаны, поэтому не существует общепринятых критериев диагностики ЭПН. В клинической практике ЭПН устанавливают на основании сниженных показателей эластазного теста у больных с доказанными заболеваниями, которые могут вызвать снижение экзокринной функции ПЖ. Основной метод лечения ЭПН - заместительная ферментная терапия (ЗФТ). В течение 50 лет, прошедших после внедрения ЗФТ в клиническую практику, произошло ее существенное развитие, были разработаны многочисленные лекарственные формы панкреатина. Для ЗФТ необходимо использовать только препараты в виде капсул, содержащих микрочастицы, защищённые энтеросолюбильной оболочкой. Начальная доза панкреатических ферментов для взрослых составляет 25 тыс. ед. липазы на приём пищи, которую в последующем следует увеличивать до нормализации трофологического статуса согласно клиническим и/ или лабораторным показателям. Ферменты следует принимать во время приёма пищи, для повышения эффективности терапии можно использовать антисекреторные препараты. В процессе подбора диетотерапии должен принимать участие диетолог. Пациентам необходимо рекомендовать употреблять пищу как минимум с нормальным содержанием жира и разделять дневной рацион на 6 приемов пищи и более. Пациентов следует мотивировать отказаться от употребления алкоголя и курения, поскольку они могут привести к дальнейшему ухудшению экзокринной функции ПЖ и увеличению выраженности симптомов ЭПН.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim of publication. To present the modern concept on the causes and pathogenesis of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) as well as the new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches at this syndrome to general practitioners. Summary. PEI in the state it which secretion of pancreatic enzymes into duodenum is insufficient for normal digestion of nutrients. This syndrome may develop primarily, due to various pancreatic diseases (chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, cystic fibrosis etc.), and secondarily, at impaired stimulation of pancreatic secretion or impairment of conditions, necessary for the normal action of pancreatic enzymes. Basic clinical manifestations of PEI include maldigestion and malabsorption that lead to development of nutritional failure. No standardized methods of pancreatic exocrine function assessment are developed at the present time, therefore standard diagnostic criteria of PEI are lacking. In routine clinical practice PEI is diagnosed mainly on the basis of decreased pancreatic enzymes activity in stool in patients with verified pancreatic disease but can result in decreased exocrine function. Basic method of PEI treatment is pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT). Within 50 years which passed after initial implementation of PERT in clinical practice it was significantly modified, numerous pharmaceutical forms of pancreatin were developed. Anyhow for the purpose of replacement therapy capsules with enteric-coated pancreatin microparticles should be applied. Initial recommended dose of PERT for adult patient is 25’000 lipolytical units per meal that should be subsequently increased up to normalization of patients nutritional status according to both clinical and laboratory scores. Digestive enzymes should be taken at the beginning of the meal, in the case of incomplete response it can be recommended to use antisecretory agents. Patient should be consulted by nutritionist, no significant limitation of fat intake is recommended. Daily ration should be divided into six or more meals. Patients should be motivated to stop both alcohol intake and smoking as they can cause progression of PEI alone and/or persistence of symptoms, like pancreatic pain.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>панкреатит хронический</kwd><kwd>осложнения</kwd><kwd>рентгенография</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование</kwd><kwd>эндоскопическая ретроградная панкреатохолангиография</kwd><kwd>диагностические методы визуализации</kwd><kwd>боль</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd><kwd>стеаторея</kwd><kwd>заместительная терапия ферментами поджелудочной железы</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keller J., Layer P. Human pancreatic exocrine response to nutrients in health and disease. Gut 2005;54 (Suppl 6): vi1-28. DOI:10.1136/gut.2005.065946.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keller J., Layer P. 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