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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-6-51-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-297</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дифференциальный диагноз MutYH-ассоциированного полипоза и спорадических полипов толстой кишки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Differential Diagnosis of MutYH-Associated Polyposis from Sporadic Colon Polyps</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8571-7462</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цуканов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsukanov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, за-ведующий кабинетом лабораторной генетики.</p><p>123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Laboratory Head, Laboratory Genetics Office.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Saliam Adil str., 2.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsukanov81@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3820-7651</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шубин</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shubin</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела лабораторной генетики.</p><p>123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Department of Laboratory Genetics Office.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Saliam Adil str., 2.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shwit@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7544-4752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьминов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzminov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела общей колопроктологии с группой изучения семейного аденоматоза толстой кишки.</p><p>123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Departmental Head, Department of General Coloproctology Combined with a Group for Studying the Familial Adenomatous Polyposis.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Saliam Adil str., 2.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">9249591@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тобоева</surname><given-names>М. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toboeva</surname><given-names>M. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический аспирант.</p><p>123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Post-Graduate Student.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Saliam Adil str., 2.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rita.toboeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savelyeva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач отдела общей колопроктологии с группой изучения семейного аденоматоза толстой кишки.</p><p>123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor, Department of General Coloproctology Combined with a Group for Studying the Familial Adenomatous Polyposis.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Saliam Adil str., 2.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saveleva_tatijana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5385-7898</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашников</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashnikov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора по научно-лечебной работе.</p><p>123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director for Scientific and Medical Work.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Saliam Adil str., 2.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@gnck.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8480-9362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелыгин</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelygin</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, главный внештатный специалист-колопроктолог; заведующий кафедрой колопроктологии.</p><p>123423, г. Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., RAS Corresponding Member, Chief External Expert Coloproctologist, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Departmental Head, Coloproctology department; Director.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Saliam Adil str., 2.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@gnck.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Государственный научный центр колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.N. Ryzhykh State Scientific Centre for Coloproctology.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цуканов А.С., Шубин В.П., Кузьминов А.М., Тобоева М.Х., Савельева Т.А., Кашников В.Н., Шелыгин Ю.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цуканов А.С., Шубин В.П., Кузьминов А.М., Тобоева М.Х., Савельева Т.А., Кашников В.Н., Шелыгин Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsukanov A.S., Shubin V.P., Kuzminov A.M., Toboeva M.K., Savelyeva T.A., Kashnikov V.N., Shelygin Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/297">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/297</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Разработать критерий для дифференциального диагноза между MutYH-ассоциированным полипозом и спорадическими полипами толстой кишки.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Поиск мутаций в гене MutYH осуществлялся с помощью методов ПЦР, электрофореза и прямого секвенирования среди: 18 пациентов моложе 45 лет, у которых диагностировано более 100 полипов в толстой кишке; 86 больных старше 45 лет, имеющих от 4 до 100 полипов; а также 150 человек контроль-ной выборки.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Мутации в гене MutYH выявлены у 2 из 18 больных, имеющих более 100 полипов. Среди 86 пациентов с 4–100 полипами, мутации найдены у 10 человек, у которых насчитывалось более 20 полипов. Мутаций не выявлено ни у одного пациента, имеющего от 4 до 19 полипов (p &lt; 0,05). Установлено патогенное значение для развития заболевания не только биаллельных, но и моноаллельных мутаций.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Впервые установлена нижняя граница количества полипов, позволяющая дифференцировать MutYH-ассоциированный полипоз со спорадическими полипами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. In this research, we aim to develop a criterion for differentiating MutYH-associated polyposis from sporadic colon polyps.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A search for mutations in the MutYH gene was carried out using the PCR, electrophoresis and direct sequencing methods among the following groups of people: 18 patients under 45 years old with more than 100 polyps diagnosed in the large intestine; 86 patients over 45 years old with 4–100 polyps; 150 people of the control group.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Mutations in the MutYH gene were detected in 2 out of 18 patients having more than 100 polyps. Among 86 patients with 4–100 polyps, mutations were found in 10 people having more than 20 polyps. Mutations in the MutYH gene were not detected in patients with 4–19 polyps (p &lt;0.05). The pathogenic significance of the disease development was established not only for biallelic, but also for monoallelic mutations.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. For the first time, the lower limit of the polyp number has been established, allowing the MutYH-associated polyposis to be differentiated from sporadic polyps.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>MutYH-ассоциированный полипоз</kwd><kwd>семейный аденоматоз толстой кишки</kwd><kwd>наследственные мутации</kwd><kwd>колоректальный рак</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>MutYH-associated polyposis</kwd><kwd>familial adenomatous polyposis of the large bowel</kwd><kwd>hereditary mutations</kwd><kwd>colorectal cancer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каприн А.Д, Старинский В.В., Петрова Г.В. Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2015 году (Заболеваемость и смертность). М.: МНИОИ им. П.А. 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