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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2019-29-3-49-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-315</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проапоптотические протеазы поджелудочной железы у больных хроническим панкреатитом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pancreas Proapoptotic Proteases in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3655-9554</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Губергриц</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gubegritz</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор  медицинских  наук, профессор, профессор кафедры внутренней медицины  № 2</p><p>84404, г. Лиман, ул. Привокзальная, д. 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department  of Internal Medicine No.2</p><p>84404, Liman, Privokzalnaya str., 27</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">profnbg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат  медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, врач-эндоскопист</p><p>49023, г. Днепр, ул. Байкальская, д. 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher,  Endoscopy Doctor</p><p>49023, Dnipro, Baykalskaya str., 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lenkrlenkr@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайдар</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaidar</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гайдар Юрий Адольфович — доктор медицинских наук,  старший  научный  сотрудник,  заведующий  лабораторией  патоморфологии</p><p>49074, г. Днепр, пр-т Слобожанский, д. 96</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory Head, Laboratory of Pathomorphology, Institute of  Gastroenterology</p><p>49074, Dnipro, Slobozhansky ave., 96</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuriigaydar14@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донецкий национальный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Украины</institution><country>Украина</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Donetsk National Medical University</institution><country>Ukraine</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Эндотехномед»</institution><country>Ukraine</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“Endotehnomed” Ltd.</institution><country>Ukraine</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ «Институт гастроэнтерологии НАМН Украины»</institution><country>Украина</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Gastroenterology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine</institution><country>Ukraine</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Губергриц Н.Б., Крылова Е.А., Гайдар Ю.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Губергриц Н.Б., Крылова Е.А., Гайдар Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gubegritz N.B., Krylova E.A., Gaidar Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/315">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/315</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить особенности локализации проапоптотических протеаз ДНК-азы I и эндонуклеазы-G в поджелудочной железе (ПЖ) при хроническом панкреатите (ХП).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Изучены гистологические препараты ПЖ 60 пациентов с различными формами ХП: I группа — 10 больных с обструктивной формой, II — 21 пациент с кальцифицирующей формой, III — 13 больных с фиброзно-паренхиматозной формой, IV — 16 пациентов с ХП, осложненным псевдокистой. Биоптаты ПЖ получали во время плановых операций на органе и с помощью тонкоигольной биопсии под УЗИ-контролем. Тканевой материал фиксировали в среде Боуэна, готовили микроскопические срезы ткани, окрашивали гематоксилин-эозином и по Маллори—Слинченко. Иммуногистохимическое типирование проапоптотических протеаз проводили согласно косвенной авидин-стрептавидин-пероксидазной реакции (“Elite”, USA) с использованием кроличьих антител к ДНК-азе I и эндонуклеазе-G.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Для больных всех групп характерно наличие хронического воспаления, которое в 31,7 % случаев имело признаки обострения. Атрофические изменения выявлены у большинства больных (96,7 %). Достоверной разницы по выраженности и частоте выявления фиброза различной степени в группах не установлено: легкая степень фиброза выявлена у 6,7 % больных, умеренная — у 20,0 %, выраженная — 16,7 %, полный фиброз — 56,6 %. Изучение локализации проапоптотических нуклеаз в структурах ПЖ показало, что проапоптотическая нуклеаза ДНК-аза I обнаружена только в цитоплазме ацинарных клеток ПЖ. При всех степенях фиброза ХП в долях ПЖ найдены единичные ацинарные клетки с транслокацией нуклеазы из цитоплазмы в ядро клеток. Эндонуклеаза-G в большом количестве выявлена в цитоплазме инсул ПЖ и в меньшем — в цитоплазме эпителиальных клеток протоков.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p> Выводы. При ХП проапоптотические протеазы ДНК-аза I и эндонуклеаза-G экспрессируются в цитоплазме клеток разных частей ПЖ: ДНК-аза I экспрессируется в цитоплазме ацинарных клеток, а эндонуклеаза-G — в части инсулярных клеток и в эпителии протоков, что свидетельствует о существовании различных механизмов апоптоза в экзо- и эндокринной частях ПЖ. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim.  To study features of localization of the DNA-ase I and endonuclease-G proapoptotic proteases in the pancreas in chronic pancreatitis (CP).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p> Materials and methods. Histological pancreas preparations from 60 patients with various CP forms were studied: group I — 10 patients with obstructive CP; group II — 21 patients with calcific CP; group III — 13 patients with fibroparenchymal CP; group IV — 16 patients with CP complicated by pseudocyst. Pancreas biopsies were obtained during planned organ operations, as well as using a fine-needle biopsy under ultrasound control. Tissue material was fixed in Bowen medium. Microscopic tissue sections were prepared and subsequently stained with hematoxylin-eosin and by Mallory-Slinchenko. Immunohistochemical typing of proapoptotic proteases was performed according to the indirect avidin-streptavidin-peroxidase reaction (“Elite”, USA) using rabbit antibodies to DNA-I and endonuclease-G (“Chemicon”, USA, 1: 500 dilution — 1: 2000, incubation 12:00, + 4 °С).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Patients in all the groups demonstrated signs of chronic inflammation, with 31.7 % of cases showing signs of its exacerbation. Atrophic changes were found in most patients (96.7 %). No significant differences were observed with regard to the severity and frequency of fibrosis of various degrees in the groups: mild, moderate, severe and full fibrosis was detected in 6.7 %, 20.0 %, 16.7 % and 56.6 %, respectively. The study of the localization of proapoptotic nucleases in the structures of the pancreas showed proapoptotic nucleases of DNA-ase I to be exclusively located in the cytoplasm of pancreatic acinar cells. At all stages of CP fibrosis, single acinar cells with translocation of the nuclease from the cytoplasm into the cell nucleus were found in the lobes of the pancreas. Endonuclease-G was found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of pancreatic islets, with it lower number being detected in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of the ducts.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p> Conclusions. In CP, proapoptotic proteases of DNase I and endonuclease G are expressed in the cytoplasm of cells located in different pancreas zones. Thus, DNase I is expressed in the cytoplasm of acinar cells, while endonuclease G is most typical for insular cells and those in the epithelium of the ducts. This proves the existence of various apoptosis mechanisms in the exo- and endocrine portions of the pancreas. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поджелудочная железа</kwd><kwd>хронический панкреатит</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>ДНКаза-1</kwd><kwd>эндонуклеаза-G</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pancreas</kwd><kwd>chronic pancreatitis</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>DNase-1</kwd><kwd>endonuclease-G</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Губергриц НБ, Линевская К Ю, Беляева НВ. Дифференциальная диагностика в гастроэнтерологии. От симптома и синдрома к диагнозу и лечению: практ. рук. Киев: Труш ЕН. 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