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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2020-30-1-42-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-434</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ШКОЛА ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИИ, ГЕПАТОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NATIONAL COLLEGE OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, HEPATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Место пробиотиков в комплексной терапии различных заболеваний желудочно-кишечного тракта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Probiotics in the Complex Treatment of Various Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-541X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкин</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkin</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1</p><p>SPIN: 7584-5843</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand Sci. (Med.), Ass. Prof., Department of Internal Disease Propaedeutics, Sklifosovskiy Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>119435, Russian Federation, Moscow, Pogodinskaya st., 1, building 1 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">2135833@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">maria.reshetova@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зольникова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolnikova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского </p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">ks.med@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнеева</surname><given-names>В. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korneev</surname><given-names>V. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка 6-го курса факультета «Медицина будущего»</p><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">k.vasilis@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широкова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirokova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского </p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">elshirokova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский университет) Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский  государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский университет) Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ивашкин К.В., Решетова М.С., Зольникова О.Ю., Корнеева В.Р., Широкова Е.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ивашкин К.В., Решетова М.С., Зольникова О.Ю., Корнеева В.Р., Широкова Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivashkin K.V., Reshetova M.S., Zolnikova O.Y., Korneev V.R., Shirokova E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/434">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/434</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель обзора</title><p>Цель обзора: представить современные данные о роли микробиоты и вкладе ее нарушений в формирование различных заболеваний желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ), включая функциональные заболевания, а также рассмотреть актуальные методы коррекции и поддержания нормальной микробиоты.</p></sec><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения. Микробиом человека оказывает влияние на функционирование многих органов на биохимическом, молекулярном и генетическом уровнях. Доказано участие микробиома в развитии воспалительных и функциональных заболеваний ЖКТ, его влияние на иммунную систему, работу центральной нервной системы и психический статус. В повседневной врачебной практике важную проблему представляет ведение пациентов с функциональными расстройствами ЖКТ. Опросник «7 симптомов за 7 дней» («7×7»), созданный в 2014 году группой специалистов Сеченовского университета в сотрудничестве с ОАО «Валента Фарм», позволяет в динамике оценить клиническое течение функциональных заболеваний ЖКТ. При наиболее частом функциональном расстройстве ЖКТ — синдроме раздраженного кишечника (СРК) определяются количественное и качественное изменение микрофлоры кишечника, что в совокупности с воспалительными изменениями кишечной стенки может выступать в роли триггера возникновения симптомов, а также приводить к функциональному изменению рецепторного аппарата проводящих путей болевой чувствительности. В последнее десятилетие количество исследований по применению пробиотиков для лечения различных заболеваний ЖКТ значительно возросло. Патогенетическое влияние нарушения нормального соотношения микроорганизмов в кишечнике делает целесообразным включение пробиотиков в комплексное лечение функциональных нарушений ЖКТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Усовершенствование методов оценки микробиома позволяет оценить состав микрофлоры кишечника человека при различных заболеваниях и найти новые способы коррекции и поддержания нормального соотношения микроорганизмов для ведения пациентов с различными заболеваниями ЖКТ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To present up-to-date information on the role of microbiota and its disorders in the development of various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), including functional diseases, as well as to consider current methods of correction and maintenance of normal microbiota.</p></sec><sec><title>General findings</title><p>General findings. The human microbiome affects many organs at the biochemical, molecular and genetic levels. It has been confirmed that the microbiome participates in the development of inflammatory and functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, affects the immune system, central nervous system and mental status. An important problem of everyday medical practice consists in the management of patients with functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The “7 × 7” questionnaire created in 2014 by a group of specialists from I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University in collaboration with Valenta Pharm allows dynamic evaluation of the clinical course of functional gastrointestinal diseases. The most frequent functional gastrointestinal disorder – irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) – is characterized by a quantitative and qualitative change in the intestinal microflora, which, together with inflammatory changes in the intestinal wall, may act as a trigger for the onset of symptoms, as well as lead to a functional change in the receptor apparatus of pain pathways. Over thelast decade, the number of studies on the use of probiotics for the treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases has increased significantly. The pathogenetic effect of the change in the normal ratio of microorganisms in the intestine proves the inclusion of probiotics in the complex treatment of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract to be reasonable.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Improved methods for assessing the microbiome state allows evaluation of the composition of the human intestine microflora in various diseases, thus facilitating the search for new approaches to correcting and maintaining the normal ratio of microorganisms for managing patients with various gastrointestinal diseases. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиом человека</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>пробиотики</kwd><kwd>антибиотикотерапия</kwd><kwd>Clostridium difficile</kwd><kwd>опросник 7×7</kwd><kwd>функциональные заболевания желудочно-кишечного тракта</kwd><kwd>синдром раздраженного кишечника</kwd><kwd>функциональная диспепсия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human microbiome</kwd><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>probiotics</kwd><kwd>antibiotic therapy</kwd><kwd>Clostridium difficile</kwd><kwd>7×7 questionnaire</kwd><kwd>gastrointestinal tract functional diseases</kwd><kwd>irritable bowel syndrome</kwd><kwd>functional dyspepsia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prescott S.L. 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