gastro-jРоссийский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологииRussian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology1382-43762658-6673«Gastro» LLC10.22416/1382-4376-2020-30-4-7-22gastro-j-476Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSСовременные представления о роли torque teno virus (TTV) при заболеваниях печениCurrent Views of Torque Teno Virus (TTV) in Liver Diseaseshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6114-564XМаевИ. В.MaevI. V.

Маев Игорь Вениаминович — академик РАН, профессор, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии.

127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1.

Igor V. Maev — Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head of the Chair of Internal Medicine Propaedeutics and Gastroenterology, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry.

127473, Moscow, Delegatskaya str., 20, bld. 1.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3510-1912КарловичТ. И.KarlovichT. I.

Карлович Татьяна Игоревна — кандидат медицинских наук, врач поликлиники.

121359, Москва, ул. Маршала Тимошенко, д. 15.

Tatiana I. Karlovich — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Physician, Outpatient Clinic, Central Clinical Hospital with Outpatient Care of the Russian President Administration.

121359, Moscow, Marshala Timoshenko str., 15.

tatiana-karlovich@yandex.ruБурмистровА. И.BurmistrovA. I.

Бурмистров Александр Игоревич — студент 5-го курса лечебного факультета.

127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1.

Alexander I. Burmistrov — Graduate Student (5th year), Faculty of Medicine, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry.

127473, Moscow, Delegatskaya str., 20, bld. 1.

aibur3619@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1768-4843ЧекмазовИ. A.ChekmazovI. A.

Чекмазов Игорь Александрович — доктор медицинских наук, первый заместитель главного врача.

121359, Москва, ул. Маршала Тимошенко, д. 15.

Igor A. Chekmazov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), First Deputy Chief Physician, Central Clinical Hospital with Outpatient Care of the Russian President Administration.

121359, Moscow, Marshala Timoshenko str., 15.

ichekmazov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-7112АндреевД. Н.AndreevD. N.

Андреев Дмитрий Николаевич — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии.

127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1.

Dmitriy N. Andreev — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Chair of Internal Medicine Propaedeutics and Gastroenterology, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry.

127473, Moscow, Delegatskaya str., 20, bld. 1.

dna-mit8@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3614-5052РешетнякВ. И.ReshetnyakV. I.

Решетняк Василий Иванович — профессор, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии.

127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1.

Vasiliy I. Reshetnyak — Prof., Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof. Chair of Internal Medicine Propaedeutics and Gastroenterology, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry.

127473, Moscow, Delegatskaya str., 20, bld. 1.

vasiliy.reshetnyak@yandex.ruМосковский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияMoscow State University of Medicine and DentistryRussian FederationЦентральная клиническая больница с поликлиникой Управления делами Президента Российской ФедерацииРоссияCentral Clinical Hospital with Outpatient Care of the Russian President AdministrationRussian Federation202002082020304722Copyright © Маев И.В., Карлович Т.И., Бурмистров А.И., Чекмазов И.A., Андреев Д.Н., Решетняк В.И., 20202020Маев И.В., Карлович Т.И., Бурмистров А.И., Чекмазов И.A., Андреев Д.Н., Решетняк В.И.Maev I.V., Karlovich T.I., Burmistrov A.I., Chekmazov I.A., Andreev D.N., Reshetnyak V.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/476Цель обзора

Цель обзора. Обзор посвящен анализу данных литературы по torque teno virus (вирус TT, TTV), открытому в конце XX столетия.

Основные положения

Основные положения: TTV часто обнаруживают у пациентов с различными вирусными гепатитами, гепатитами без явного вирусного агента, а также у здорового населения. Имеются отдельные данные о биохимических и гистологических изменениях в ткани печени и эпителии желчных протоков при моноинфицировании TTV, подтверждающие возможность прохождения вирусом репликативного цикла в гепатоцитах. Наряду с этим при проведении гибридизации в клетках, пораженных вирусом ТТ, не было отмечено существенных цитопатических (повреждающих клетки) эффектов, характерных для патогенных гепатотропных вирусов. По мере изучения TTV происходила эволюция взглядов на роль вируса для человека. Первые представления о гепатотропности вируса постепенно изменялись по мере получения новых данных о распространенности вируса и его коинфекции с другими вирусами, в том числе вирусами известных гепатитов. Данные о политропизме TTV опровергают возможность его отнесения исключительно к вирусам гепатита. Высокая распространенность вируса ТТ в человеческой популяции указывает на его персистенцию в организме в составе ви-рома и свидетельствует в пользу его непатогенности. Предлагается использовать уровень ДНК TTV в крови пациентов перед трансплантацией органов в качестве эндогенного маркера иммунного статуса организма. Выводы: Высокая распространенность вируса ТТ в человеческой популяции указывает на его персистенцию в организме в составе вирома. Редкое выявление повреждающего действия TTV на клетки печени и эпителиоциты желчных протоков может косвенно свидетельствовать о его условно-патогенных свойствах. 

Aim of review

Aim of review. We review published evidence on the torque teno virus (TT virus, TTV), which was discovered in the late of the 20th century.

Key points

Key points. TTV is frequently confirmed in patients with hepatitises of viral origin or no definite viral aetiology, as well as in healthy people. Particular biochemical and histological changes in hepatic tissue and bile duct epithelium are reported for TTV monoinfection, which suggest viral replication in hepatocytes. At the same time, no cytopathic effects inherent in pathogenic hepatotropic viruses were revealed in hybridisation assays with TTV-infected cells. Novel data incited novel opinions on the TTV interaction with human. Earlier views of hepatotropic TTV gradually changed with newer evidence on its dispersion and coinfection with other viruses, including known hepatitis agents. Polytropism of TTV disproves its exclusive attribution to hepatitis viruses. High prevalence of the virus in human population argues in favour of its non-pathogenic persistence in the human viriome. TTV DNA content in blood is proposed as an endogenous immune status marker to observe prior to organ transplantation.

Conclusion

Conclusion. High TTV dispersion in human population suggests its persistence in the human viriome. Seldom observed damaging effect of TTV on hepatic cells and bile duct epitheliocytes may indirectly suggest its opportunistic pathogenic properties.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.