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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2020-30-2-76-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-478</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL GUIDELINES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Практические рекомендации Научного сообщества по содействию клиническому изучению микробиома человека (НСОИМ) и Российской гастроэнтерологической ассоциации (РГА) по применению пробиотиков для лечения и профилактики заболеваний гастроэнтерологического профиля у взрослых</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Practical Recommendations of Scientific Society for the Study of Human Microbiome and Russian Gastroenterological Association (RGA) for Probiotics in Treatment and Prevention of Gastroenterological Diseases in Adults</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6815-6015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкин</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkin</surname><given-names>V. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивашкин Владимир Трофимович — доктор медицинских наук, академик РАН, профессор, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadimir T. Ivashkin — Dr. Sci. (Med.), RAS Academician, Prof., Departmental Head, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, bld. 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kont087@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6114-564X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mayev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маев Игорь Вениаминович — доктор медицинских наук, академик РАН, профессор, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии</p><p>127473, г. Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Mayev — Dr. Sci. (Med.), RAS Academician, Prof., Departmental Head, Department of Internal Diseases Propedeutics and Gastroenterology</p><p>127473, Moscow, Delegatskaya str., 20, bld. 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igormaev@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7069-2725</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдулганиева</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdulganieva</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдулганиева Диана Ильдаровна — доктор медицинских наук, зав. кафедрой госпитальной терапии</p><p>420012, г. Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Diana I. Abdulganieva — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Departmental Head, Department of Hospital Therapy</p><p>420012, Kazan, Butlerova str., 49.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Diana_s@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1724-9980</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеенко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексеенко Сергей Алексеевич — доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии ДВГМУ; руководитель Клиники внутренних болезней Дорожной клинической больницы на ст. Хабаровск-1 Дальневосточной железной дороги (ДВЖД)</p><p>680000, г. Хабаровск, ул. Запарина, д. 83.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Alekseenko — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Departmental Head, Department of Hospital Therapy, Far Eastern State Medical University, Head, Clinic of Internal Diseases, Road clinical hospital of the Khabarovsk-1 station of the Far Eastern railroad (FERR)</p><p>680000, Khabarovsk, Zaparina str., 83.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sa.alexeenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0847-9234</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкина</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkina</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивашкина Наталья Юрьевна — доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологи</p><p>127473, г. Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya Yu. Ivashkina — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Department of Internal Diseases Propedeutics and Gastroenterology</p><p>127473, Moscow, Delegatskaya str., 20, bld. 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akliha@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-9418</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корочанская</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korochanskaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корочанская Наталья Всеволодовна — доктор медицинских наук; ГБУЗ «Краевая клиническая больница № 2» Министерства здравоохранения Краснодарского края</p><p>350012, г. Краснодар, ул. Красных Партизан, д. 6, корпус 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Korochanskaya — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Kuban State Medical University, Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2.</p><p>350012, Krasnodar, Krasnykh Partizan str., 6 bld. 2.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nvk-gastro@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8898-8831</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маммаев</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mammaev</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маммаев Сулейман Нураттинович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии № 1, ректор</p><p>367000 Республика Дагестан, г. Махачкала, пл. Ленина, д. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Suleyman N. Mammaev — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Departmental Head, Department of Hospital Therapy No. 1, Rector</p><p>367000 Republic of Dagestan, Makhachkala, Lenina sq., 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hepar-sul-dag@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1312-120X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полуэктова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poluektova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полуэктова Елена Александровна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Poluektova — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Department of Internal Diseases Propedeutics, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, bld. 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polouektova@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3362-2968</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трухманов</surname><given-names>А. С. </given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trukhmanov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трухманов Александр Сергеевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander S. Trukhmanov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Internal Diseases Propedeutics Department, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>19991, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, bld. 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexander.trukhmanov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6434-1267</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Успенский</surname><given-names>Ю. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uspensky</surname><given-names>Yu. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Успенский Юрий Павлович — профессор, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой факультетской терапии им. Профессора В.А. Вальдмана; главный гастроэнтеролог Санкт-Петербурга.</p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury P. Uspensky — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Departmental Head, Department of Faculty Therapy named after V.A. Valdman; Principal Gastroenterologist</p><p>194100, St. Petersburg, Litovskaya str., 2.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uspenskiy65@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9980-2294</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цуканов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsukanov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цуканов Владислав Владимирович — профессор, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий Клиническим отделением патологии пищеварительной системы у взрослых и детей НИИ МПС; главный гастроэнтеролог Сибирского федерального округа (СФО)</p><p>660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 3г.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav V. Tsukanov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Departmental Head, Department of Digestive System Pathology in Adults and Children; Principal Gastroenterologist of Siberian Federal District</p><p>660022, Krasnoyarsk, Partizana Zheleznyaka str., 3g.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gastro@impn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8148-2862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шифрин</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shifrin</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шифрин Олег Самуилович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского, заведующий отделением хронических заболеваний кишечника и поджелудочной железы Клиники пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии им. В.Х. Василенко</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg S. Shifrin — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases Department, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Departmental Head, Department of Chronic Diseases of the Intestines and Pancreas, V.H. Vasilenko Clinic of the Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Hepatology</p><p>119435, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, bld. 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg_shifrin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6701-789X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зольникова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolnikova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зольникова Оксана Юрьевна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oxana Yu. Zolnikova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases Department, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>119991, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, building 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ks.med@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-541X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкин</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkin</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивашкин Константин Владимирович — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin V. Ivashkin — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>119991, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, bld. 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">2135833@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4456-8725</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапина</surname><given-names>Т. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapina</surname><given-names>T. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лапина Татьяна Львовна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana L. Lapina — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Internal Diseases Propedeutics Department, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>19991, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, bld. 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatlapina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7513-1636</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масленников</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslennikov</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Масленников Роман Вячеславович — кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского; врач общей практики ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Консультативно-диагностический центр № 2 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</p><p>119435, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman V. Maslennikov — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assist., Department of Internal Diseases Propedeutics, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine; General practitioner, Consulting and Diagnostic Centre No. 2 of the Moscow Department of Healthcare</p><p>Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, bld. 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mmmm00@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5506-5555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulyanin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ульянин Анатолий Игоревич — врач отделения хронических заболеваний кишечника и поджелудочной железы Клиники пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии им. В.Х. Василенко</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly I. Ulyanin — Doctor, Department of Chronic Diseases of the Intestines and Pancreas, V.H. Vasilenko Clinic of the Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Hepatology</p><p>119991, Moscow, Pogodinskaya str., 1, bld. 1.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.ulianin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский университет) Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Дальневосточный государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Дагестанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dagestan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр “Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук”», Научно-исследовательский институт медицинских проблем Севера Сибирского отделения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences” — Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ивашкин В.Т., Маев И.В., Абдулганиева Д.И., Алексеенко С.А., Ивашкина Н.Ю., Корочанская Н.В., Маммаев С.Н., Полуэктова Е.А., Трухманов А.С., Успенский Ю.П., Цуканов В.В., Шифрин О.С., Зольникова О.Ю., Ивашкин К.В., Лапина Т.Л., Масленников Р.В., Ульянин А.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ивашкин В.Т., Маев И.В., Абдулганиева Д.И., Алексеенко С.А., Ивашкина Н.Ю., Корочанская Н.В., Маммаев С.Н., Полуэктова Е.А., Трухманов А.С., Успенский Ю.П., Цуканов В.В., Шифрин О.С., Зольникова О.Ю., Ивашкин К.В., Лапина Т.Л., Масленников Р.В., Ульянин А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivashkin V.T., Mayev I.V., Abdulganieva D.I., Alekseenko S.A., Ivashkina N.Y., Korochanskaya N.V., Mammaev S.N., Poluektova E.A., Trukhmanov A.S., Uspensky Y.P., Tsukanov V.V., Shifrin O.S., Zolnikova O.Y., Ivashkin K.V., Lapina T.L., Maslennikov R.V., Ulyanin A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/478">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/478</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: представить практические рекомендации по применению пробиотиков для лечения и профилактики заболеваний гастроэнтерологического профиля у взрослых.</p></sec><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения. Пробиотики — это живые микроорганизмы, которые приносят пользу здоровью организма хозяина при введении в адекватных количествах. К основным функциям пробиотиков относятся: поддержка колонизационной резистентности, метаболизм пищевых субстратов и утилизация конечных метаболитов, продукция субстратов, необходимых для макроорганизма, а также регуляция местного и адаптивного иммунного ответа. Пробиотики могут быть зарегистрированы на территории РФ как биологически активные добавки (БАД) к пище или как лекарственные средства (ЛС) в соответствии с микробиологическими стандартами и законодательными требованиями РФ. К пробиотикам, зарегистрированным на территории РФ в качестве БАД для взрослых, относятся бактерии родов Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Pediococcus, Lactococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Escherichia и грибы рода Saccharomyces, к пробиотикам, зарегистрированным в качестве ЛС, — бактерии рода Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Escherichia и Enterococcus и грибы рода Saccharomyces. В состав отдельных зарегистрированных на территории РФ пробиотиков включены пробиотические штаммы, подтвердившие свою эффективность для профилактики и лечения антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи, профилактики C. difficile-ассоциированной болезни, эрадикации инфекции H. pylori, а также для лечения синдрома раздраженного кишечника и функционального запора.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Клиническая эффективность пробиотиков зависит от входящих в его состав пробиотических штаммов и подтверждается путем сравнительного анализа результатов надлежащих клинических исследований. Не во всех пробиотиках, зарегистрированных на территории РФ в качестве БАД или ЛС, идентифицирован штамм, что не гарантирует развитие ожидаемого клинического эффекта.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To provide practical recommendations on the use of probiotics for the treatment and prevention of gastroenterological diseases in adults.</p></sec><sec><title>General provisions</title><p>General provisions. Probiotics are living microorganisms that benefit the health of the host when administered in adequate amounts. The main functions of probiotics include the support for colonisation resistance, the metabolism of food substrates and utilisation of end metabolites, the production of substrates necessary for the macro-organism, as well as the regulation of local and adaptive immune responses. Probiotics can be registered in the Russian Federation as biologically active food additives (BAFA) or as pharmaceutical products (drugs) in accordance with the microbiological standards and legislative requirements of the Russian Federation. The probiotics registered in the Russian Federation as BAFA for adults include bacteria of the Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Pediococcus, Lactococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, and Escherichia genera, and fungi of the Saccharomyces genus; probiotics registered as drugs — bacteria of Lactobid, Lactobacid, Escherichia and Enterococcus genera and fungi of the Saccharomyces genus. Some probiotics registered in the Russian Federation include probiotic strains that have proved to be effective for the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, the prevention of C. difficile-associated disease, the eradication of H. pylori infection, as well as for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and functional constipation.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The clinical efficacy of probiotics depends on the probiotic strains included in their composition and is confirmed by a comparative analysis of the results of appropriate clinical studies. Not all probiotics registered in the Russian Federation as BAFA or drugs contain bacterial or fungal strains; as a result, the expected clinical effect may not be achieved.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пробиотик</kwd><kwd>пробиотический штамм</kwd><kwd>острая диарея</kwd><kwd>антибиотик-ассоциированная диарея</kwd><kwd>С. difficile-ассоциированная болезнь</kwd><kwd>эрадикация H. pylori</kwd><kwd>воспалительные заболевания кишечника</kwd><kwd>язвенный колит</kwd><kwd>болезнь Крона</kwd><kwd>паучит</kwd><kwd>синдром раздраженного кишечника</kwd><kwd>функциональный запор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>probiotic</kwd><kwd>probiotic strain</kwd><kwd>acute diarrhea</kwd><kwd>antibiotic-associated diarrhea</kwd><kwd>C. difficile-associated disease</kwd><kwd>H. pylori eradication</kwd><kwd>inflammatory bowel disease</kwd><kwd>ulcerative colitis</kwd><kwd>Crohn’s disease</kwd><kwd>pouchitis</kwd><kwd>irritable bowel syndrome</kwd><kwd>functional constipation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Gastroenterology Organisation. 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