<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2021-31-6-29-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-586</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хромоскопия с применением уксусной кислоты в предварительной диагностике гистологического типа образований толстой кишки при колоноскопии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acetic Acid Chromoendoscopy in the Preliminary Diagnosis of Histological Type of Colon Polyp during Colonoscopy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-0929</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агейкина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ageykina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Агейкина Наталья Владимировна — кандидат медицинских наук, зав. отделением эндоскопии,</p><p>123242, г. Москва, улица Красная Пресня, д. 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Ageykina  — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Endoscopy, </p><p>123242, Moscow, Krasnaya Presnya str., 16</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ageykina.natalia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6036-7061</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоров</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федоров Евгений Дмитриевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник кафедрыгоспитальной хирургии № 2 с научно-исследовательской лабораторией хирургической гастроэнтерологии и эндоскопии,</p><p>119415, г. Москва, ул. Лобачевского, д. 42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny D. Fedorov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Principal Researcher, Chair of Hospital Surgery No. 2 with Research Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology and Endoscopy,</p><p>119415, Moscow, Lobachevskogo str., 42</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">efedo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5074-3513</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мальков</surname><given-names>П. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malkov</surname><given-names>P. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мальков Павел Георгиевич — доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделом клинической патологии Медицинскогонаучно-образовательного центра,</p><p>119192, г. Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 27, корп. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel G. Malkov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical Research and Education Centre, </p><p>119192, Moscow, Lomonosovskiy ave., 27, korp. 10</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pmalkov@mc.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николайчук</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaychuk</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николайчук Татьяна Викторовна  — врач-эндоскопист,</p><p>123242, г. Москва, улица Красная Пресня, д. 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Nikolaychuk — Physician (endoscopy), </p><p>123242, Moscow, Krasnaya Presnya str., 16</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tanya.nikolaychyk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8564-8874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олейникова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oleynikova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олейникова Нина Александровна — кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник отдела клинической патологииМедицинского научно-образовательного центра, </p><p>119192, г. Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 27, корп. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina A. Oleynikova — Cand. Sc. (Med.), Researcher, Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical Research and Education Centre, </p><p>119192, Moscow, Lomonosovskiy ave., 27, korp. 10</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noleynikova@mc.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клинико-диагностический центр «МЕДСИ на Красной Пресне»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MEDSI Krasnaya Presnya Clinical and Diagnostic Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАOУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;&#13;
Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Агейкина Н.В., Федоров Е.Д., Мальков П.Г., Николайчук Т.В., Олейникова Н.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Агейкина Н.В., Федоров Е.Д., Мальков П.Г., Николайчук Т.В., Олейникова Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ageykina N.V., Fedorov E.D., Malkov P.G., Nikolaychuk T.V., Oleynikova N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/586">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/586</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: повысить эффективность эндоскопической диагностики полипов зубчатого и незубчатого гистологического строения при колоноскопии в режиме реального времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. С сентября 2017 по февраль 2018 г. было выявлено 63 полипа у 51 пациента (мужчин 11, женщин 40, возраст 30–78 лет, средний возраст 52,2 ± 12,5 года). Образования найдены во всех отделах толстой кишки, размеры варьировали: 24 (38,1 %) — &lt;5 мм; 31 (49,2 %) — 6–10 мм; 8 (12,7 %) — &gt;10 мм. Установлены макроскопические типы 0–IIа — 44 (69,8 %), 0–Is — 19 (30,2 %). При колоноскопии на идентифицированные полипы распыляли 5 мл 1,5%-уксусной кислоты, затем дополнительно подавали 40 мл воздуха. В течение 2 минут проводили наблюдение за образованиями в режимах белого света и в режиме узкого спектра света для большей контрастности изображения. Затем полипы удаляли и направляли на патоморфологическое исследование.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Использование уксусной кислоты приводило к быстрой реакции ацетобеления полипов и окружающей слизистой оболочки. Были выделены 2 группы: 1) потеря ацетобеления образованиями происходила раньше, чем окружающей слизистой оболочкой — «отрицательная ацетобелая реакция»; 2) белый цвет образований сохранялся дольше, чем цвет окружающей слизистой оболочки, — «положительная ацетобелая реакция». В 1-ю группу вошли 25 (39,7 %) полипов, из них 88,0 % — незубчатый тип строения: 18 (72,0 %) — тубулярная аденома; 4 (16,0 %) — тубуло-ворсинчатая аденома, одна из которых имела тяжелую дисплазию. Только 3 (12,0 %) были зубчатого типа — гиперпластические полипы. Во 2-ю группу вошли 38 (60,3 %) полипов, из них 97,4 % зубчатого строения: 24 (63,2 %) — гиперпластические полипы; 12 (31,6 %) — зубчатые образования на широком основании, в том числе с дисплазией низкой степени, 1 (2,6 %) — традиционная зубчатая аденома. Только 1 полип (2,6 %) был незубчатого строения — тубулярная аденома. Это говорит о том, что «отрицательная ацетобелая реакция» у образований незубчатого типа строения происходит быстрее, чем окружающей слизистой оболочки. Диагностические чувствительность, специфичность, точность, положительная прогностическая ценность и прогностическая ценность отрицательного результата данного метода в диагностике незубчатых образований составили 95,7, 92,5, 93,7, 88,0, 97,4 % соответственно. У образований зубчатого типа строения «положительная ацетобелая реакция» отсрочена по сравнению с окружающей слизистой оболочкой. Диагностические чувствительность, специфичность, точность, положительная прогностическая ценность и прогностическая ценность отрицательного результата данного метода в диагностике зубчатых образований составили 92,5, 95,7, 93,7, 92,5, 88,0 % соответственно. Причина этого феномена требует дальнейшего изучения.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Хромоэндоскопия с уксусной кислотой может служить как диагностический метод для определения гистологического типа полипов непосредственно при колоноскопии. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to increase the efficiency of endoscopic diagnosis of serrated and non-serrated histological types of colon polyps in real time.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. From September 2017 to February 2018, 63 polyps were detected among 51 patients (male 11, women 40, aged between 30–78 years, average age 52.2 ± 12.5 years) in all parts of the colon.Polyps were found in all parts of colon, sizes varied: 24 (38.1 %) ≤5 mm, 31 (49.2 %) 6–10 mm, 8 (12.7 %) ≥10 mm. The macroscopic types 0–IIa were 44 (69.8 %), and 0–Is — 19 (30.2 %). During colonoscopy, 1.5%-acetic acid, 5 ml, was sprayed onto the identified polyps. Additionally was blowed 40 ml of air jet. Mucosa was observed endoscopically for 2 minutes. Then polyps were removed and sent for pathology.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Use of acetic acid leads to fast acetowhitening reaction of lesions and surrounding mucosa. 2 groups were distinguished (table): 1) Loss of acetowhitening (LAW) of polyps occurs earlier than LAW of surrounding mucosa — «acetowhitening negative». 2) LAW of polyps occurs later than LAW of surrounding mucosa — «acetowhitening positive». Group 1 includes 25 (39.7%) polyps, 88.0% of which were non-serrated: 18(72.0%) — tubular adenoma; 4 (16.0%) — tubular-villous adenoma, one of which had high-grade dysplasia. Only 3(12.0%) polyps were serrated — hyperplastic polyps. Group 2 includes 38 (60.3%) polyps, 97.4% of which were serrated: 24 (63.2%) — hyperplastic polyp; 12 (31.6%) — sessile serrated polyp, including one with low-grade dysplasia, 1 (2.6%) - traditional serrated adenoma. Only 1 (2.6%) polyp was non-serrated — tubular adenoma. This suggests that LAW of non-serrated polyps occurs faster than LAW of surrounding mucosa — «acetowhitening negative». On the contrary, the LAW of serrated polyps is delayed compared to the LAW of the surrounding mucosa «acetowhitening positive». LAW of 4(6.3%) polyps was atypical. The reason for this phenomenon requires further study.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Acetic acid chromoendoscopy can be used as a diagnostic method to determine the histological type of polyps during colonoscopy. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хромоскопия</kwd><kwd>эпителиальное образование</kwd><kwd>толстая кишка</kwd><kwd>уксусная кислота</kwd><kwd>ацетобелая реакция</kwd><kwd>зубчатые образования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chromoendoscopy</kwd><kwd>polyp</kwd><kwd>colon</kwd><kwd>acetic acid</kwd><kwd>acetowhitening</kwd><kwd>serrated polyp</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamagishi H., Kuroda H., Imai Y., Hiraishi H. Molecular pathogenesis of sporadic colorectal cancers. Chin J Cancer. 2016;35:4. DOI: 10.1186/s40880-015-0066-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamagishi H., Kuroda H., Imai Y., Hiraishi H. Molecular pathogenesis of sporadic colorectal cancers. Chin J Cancer. 2016;35:4. DOI: 10.1186/s40880-015-0066-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pancione M., Remo A., Colantuoni V. Genetic and epigenetic events generate multiple pathways in colorectal cancer progression. Patholog Res Int. 2012;2012:509348. DOI: 10.1155/2012/509348</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pancione M., Remo A., Colantuoni V. Genetic and epigenetic events generate multiple pathways in colorectal cancer progression. Patholog Res Int. 2012;2012:509348. DOI: 10.1155/2012/509348</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goto H., Oda Y., Murakami Y., Tanaka T., Hasuda K., Goto S., et al. Proportion of de novo cancers among colorectal cancers in Japan. Gastroenterology. 2006;131(1):40–6. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.04.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goto H., Oda Y., Murakami Y., Tanaka T., Hasuda K., Goto S., et al. Proportion of de novo cancers among colorectal cancers in Japan. Gastroenterology. 2006;131(1):40–6. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.04.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO Classification of tumours. 5th Edition. Digestive System Tumours. 2019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO Classification of tumours. 5th Edition. Digestive System Tumours. 2019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferlitsch M., Moss A., Hassan C., Bhandari P., Dumonceau J.M., Paspatis G., et al. Colorectal polypectomy and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR): European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline. Endoscopy. 2017;49(3):270–97. DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-102569</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferlitsch M., Moss A., Hassan C., Bhandari P., Dumonceau J.M., Paspatis G., et al. Colorectal polypectomy and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR): European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline. Endoscopy. 2017;49(3):270–97. DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-102569</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rex D.K., Kahi C., O’Brien M., Levin T.R., Pohl H., Rastogi A., et al. The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy PIVI (Preservation and Incorporation of Valuable Endoscopic Innovations) on real-time endoscopic assessment of the histology of diminutive colorectal polyps. Gastrointest Endosc. 2011;73(3):419–22. DOI: 10.1016/j. gie.2011.01.023</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rex D.K., Kahi C., O’Brien M., Levin T.R., Pohl H., Rastogi A., et al. The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy PIVI (Preservation and Incorporation of Valuable Endoscopic Innovations) on real-time endoscopic assessment of the histology of diminutive colorectal polyps. Gastrointest Endosc. 2011;73(3):419–22. DOI: 10.1016/j. gie.2011.01.023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Obuch J.C., Pigott C.M., Ahnen D.J. Sessile serrated polyps: detection, eradication, and prevention of the evil twin. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol. 2015;13(1):156– 70. DOI: 10.1007/s11938-015-0046-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Obuch J.C., Pigott C.M., Ahnen D.J. Sessile serrated polyps: detection, eradication, and prevention of the evil twin. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol. 2015;13(1):156– 70. DOI: 10.1007/s11938-015-0046-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takeuchi Y., Yamashina T., Matsuura N., Ito T., Fujii M., Nagai K., et al. Feasibility of cold snare polypectomy in Japan: A pilot study. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2015;7(17):1250–6. DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v7.i17.1250</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takeuchi Y., Yamashina T., Matsuura N., Ito T., Fujii M., Nagai K., et al. Feasibility of cold snare polypectomy in Japan: A pilot study. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2015;7(17):1250–6. DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v7.i17.1250</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ignjatovic A., East J.E., Suzuki N., Vance M., Guenther T., Saunders B.P. Optical diagnosis of small colorectal polyps at routine colonoscopy (Detect InSpect ChAracterise Resect and Discard; DISCARD trial): a prospective cohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10(12):1171–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ignjatovic A., East J.E., Suzuki N., Vance M., Guenther T., Saunders B.P. Optical diagnosis of small colorectal polyps at routine colonoscopy (Detect InSpect ChAracterise Resect and Discard; DISCARD trial): a prospective cohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10(12):1171–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsuji S., Takeda Y., Tsuji K., Yoshida N., Takemura K., Yamada S., Doyama H. Clinical outcomes of the “resect and discard” strategy using magnifying narrow-band imaging for small (˂ 10 mm) colorectal polyps. Endosc Int Open. 2018;6(12):E1382–9. DOI: 10.1055/a-0650-4362</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsuji S., Takeda Y., Tsuji K., Yoshida N., Takemura K., Yamada S., Doyama H. Clinical outcomes of the “resect and discard” strategy using magnifying narrow-band imaging for small (˂ 10 mm) colorectal polyps. Endosc Int Open. 2018;6(12):E1382–9. DOI: 10.1055/a-0650-4362</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hassan C., Antonelli G., Dumonceau J.M., Regula J., Bretthauer M., Chaussade S., et al. Post-polypectomy colonoscopy surveillance: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline — Update 2020. Endoscopy. 2020;52(8):687–700. DOI: 10.1055/a-1185-3109</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hassan C., Antonelli G., Dumonceau J.M., Regula J., Bretthauer M., Chaussade S., et al. Post-polypectomy colonoscopy surveillance: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline — Update 2020. Endoscopy. 2020;52(8):687–700. DOI: 10.1055/a-1185-3109</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaminski M.F., Thomas-Gibson S., Bugajski M., Bretthauer M., Rees C.J., Dekker E., et al. Performance measures for lower gastrointestinal endoscopy: a European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) quality improvement initiative. United European Gastroenterol J. 2017;5(3):309–34. DOI: 10.1177/2050640617700014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaminski M.F., Thomas-Gibson S., Bugajski M., Bretthauer M., Rees C.J., Dekker E., et al. Performance measures for lower gastrointestinal endoscopy: a European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) quality improvement initiative. United European Gastroenterol J. 2017;5(3):309–34. DOI: 10.1177/2050640617700014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim B.J., Park M.I., Park S.J., Moon W., Park E.T., Kim S.E., et al. Differential diagnosis of colorectal polyps with narrow band imaging colonoscopy without magnification. Korean J Gastroenterol. 2014;63(5):276–82. DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2014.63.5.276</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim B.J., Park M.I., Park S.J., Moon W., Park E.T., Kim S.E., et al. Differential diagnosis of colorectal polyps with narrow band imaging colonoscopy without magnification. Korean J Gastroenterol. 2014;63(5):276–82. DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2014.63.5.276</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patrun J., Okreša L., Iveković H., Rustemović N. Diagnostic Accuracy of NICE Classification System for Optical Recognition of Predictive Morphology of Colorectal Polyps. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2018;2018:7531368. DOI: 10.1155/2018/7531368</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patrun J., Okreša L., Iveković H., Rustemović N. Diagnostic Accuracy of NICE Classification System for Optical Recognition of Predictive Morphology of Colorectal Polyps. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2018;2018:7531368. DOI: 10.1155/2018/7531368</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ASGE Technology Committee, Wong Kee Song L.M., Adler D.G., Chand B., Conway J.D., Croffie J.M., Disario J.A., et al. Chromoendoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2007;66(4):639–49. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2007.05.029</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ASGE Technology Committee, Wong Kee Song L.M., Adler D.G., Chand B., Conway J.D., Croffie J.M., Disario J.A., et al. Chromoendoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2007;66(4):639–49. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2007.05.029</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marina O.C., Sanders C.K., Mourant J.R. Effects of acetic acid on light scattering from cells. J Biomed Opt. 2012;17(8):085002-1. DOI: 10.1117/1.JBO.17.8.085002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marina O.C., Sanders C.K., Mourant J.R. Effects of acetic acid on light scattering from cells. J Biomed Opt. 2012;17(8):085002-1. DOI: 10.1117/1.JBO.17.8.085002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shier R.M. The colposcopy unit. Instrumentation, colposcopic technique, recording of findings, and terminology. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 1993;20(1):47–67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shier R.M. The colposcopy unit. Instrumentation, colposcopic technique, recording of findings, and terminology. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 1993;20(1):47–67.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guelrud M., Herrera I., Essenfeld H., Castro J. Enhanced magnification endoscopy: a new technique to identify specialized intestinal metaplasia in Barrett’s esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc. 2001;53(6):559–65. DOI: 10.1067/mge.2001.114059</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guelrud M., Herrera I., Essenfeld H., Castro J. Enhanced magnification endoscopy: a new technique to identify specialized intestinal metaplasia in Barrett’s esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc. 2001;53(6):559–65. DOI: 10.1067/mge.2001.114059</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lambert R., Rey J.F., Sankaranarayanan R. Magnification and chromoscopy with the acetic acid test. Endoscopy. 2003;35(5):437–45. DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-38766</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lambert R., Rey J.F., Sankaranarayanan R. Magnification and chromoscopy with the acetic acid test. Endoscopy. 2003;35(5):437–45. DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-38766</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sha J., Wang P., Zhu B., Zhu M., Li X., Gao F. Acetic Acid Enhanced Narrow Band Imaging for the Diagnosis of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0170957. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170957</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sha J., Wang P., Zhu B., Zhu M., Li X., Gao F. Acetic Acid Enhanced Narrow Band Imaging for the Diagnosis of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0170957. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170957</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song K.H., Hwang J.A., Kim S.M., Ko H.S., Kang M.K., Ryu K.H., et al. Acetic acid chromoendoscopy for determining the extent of gastric intestinal metaplasia. Gastrointest Endosc. 2017 Feb;85(2):349–56. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2016.07.064</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song K.H., Hwang J.A., Kim S.M., Ko H.S., Kang M.K., Ryu K.H., et al. Acetic acid chromoendoscopy for determining the extent of gastric intestinal metaplasia. Gastrointest Endosc. 2017 Feb;85(2):349–56. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2016.07.064</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sakai Y., Eto R., Kasanuki J., Kondo F., Kato K, Arai M., et al. Chromoendoscopy with indigo carmine dye added to acetic acid in the diagnosis of gastric neoplasia: a prospective comparative study. Gastrointest Endosc. 2008;68:635–41. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2008.03.1065</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sakai Y., Eto R., Kasanuki J., Kondo F., Kato K, Arai M., et al. Chromoendoscopy with indigo carmine dye added to acetic acid in the diagnosis of gastric neoplasia: a prospective comparative study. Gastrointest Endosc. 2008;68:635–41. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2008.03.1065</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee B.E., Kim G.H., Park D.Y., Kim D.H., Jeon T.Y., Park S.B., et al. Acetic acid-indigo carmine chromoendoscopy for delineating early gastric cancers: its usefulness according to histological type. BMC Gastroenterol. 2010;10:97. DOI: 10.1186/1471-230X-10-97</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee B.E., Kim G.H., Park D.Y., Kim D.H., Jeon T.Y., Park S.B., et al. Acetic acid-indigo carmine chromoendoscopy for delineating early gastric cancers: its usefulness according to histological type. BMC Gastroenterol. 2010;10:97. DOI: 10.1186/1471-230X-10-97</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamashita H., Kitayama J., Ishigami H., Yamada J., Miyato H., Kaisaki S., Nagawa H. Endoscopic instillation of indigo carmine dye with acetic acid enables the visualization of distinct margin of superficial gastric lesion; Usefulness in endoscopic treatment and diagnosis of gastric cancer. Dig Liver Dis. 2007;39(4):389–91. DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2006.12.012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamashita H., Kitayama J., Ishigami H., Yamada J., Miyato H., Kaisaki S., Nagawa H. Endoscopic instillation of indigo carmine dye with acetic acid enables the visualization of distinct margin of superficial gastric lesion; Usefulness in endoscopic treatment and diagnosis of gastric cancer. Dig Liver Dis. 2007;39(4):389–91. DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2006.12.012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tanaka K., Toyoda H., Kadowaki S., Kosaka R., Shiraishi T., et al. Features of early gastric cancer and gastric adenoma by enhanced-magnification endoscopy. J Gastroenterol. 2006;41(4):332–8. DOI: 10.1007/s00535-005-1760-3 26. Togashi K., Hewett D.G., Whitaker D.A., Hume G.E., Francis L., Appleyard M.N. The use of acetic acid in magnification chromocolonoscopy for pit pattern analysis of small polyps. Endoscopy. 2006;38(6):613–6. DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-925001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tanaka K., Toyoda H., Kadowaki S., Kosaka R., Shiraishi T., et al. Features of early gastric cancer and gastric adenoma by enhanced-magnification endoscopy. J Gastroenterol. 2006;41(4):332–8. DOI: 10.1007/s00535-005-1760-3 26. Togashi K., Hewett D.G., Whitaker D.A., Hume G.E., Francis L., Appleyard M.N. The use of acetic acid in magnification chromocolonoscopy for pit pattern analysis of small polyps. Endoscopy. 2006;38(6):613–6. DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-925001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parra-Blanco A., Fu K.I., Nicolás-Pérez D., GimenoGarcía A.Z., Carrillo M., Quintero E. Is acetic acid really effective as a mucolytic agent for magnifying colonoscopy diagnosis? Endoscopy. 2007;39(10):920–1; author reply 923. DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-966846</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parra-Blanco A., Fu K.I., Nicolás-Pérez D., GimenoGarcía A.Z., Carrillo M., Quintero E. Is acetic acid really effective as a mucolytic agent for magnifying colonoscopy diagnosis? Endoscopy. 2007;39(10):920–1; author reply 923. DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-966846</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh R., Bhat Y.M., Thurairajah P.H., Shetti M.P., Jayanna M., et al. Is narrow band imaging superior to high-definition white light endoscopy in the assessment of diminutive colorectal polyps? J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;28(3):472–8. DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12098</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh R., Bhat Y.M., Thurairajah P.H., Shetti M.P., Jayanna M., et al. Is narrow band imaging superior to high-definition white light endoscopy in the assessment of diminutive colorectal polyps? J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;28(3):472–8. DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12098</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wanders L.K., East J.E., Uitentuis S.E., Leeflang M.M., Dekker E. Diagnostic performance of narrowed spectrum endoscopy, autofluorescence imaging, and confocal laser endomicroscopy for optical diagnosis of colonic polyps: a meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2013; 14(13):1337–47. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70509-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wanders L.K., East J.E., Uitentuis S.E., Leeflang M.M., Dekker E. Diagnostic performance of narrowed spectrum endoscopy, autofluorescence imaging, and confocal laser endomicroscopy for optical diagnosis of colonic polyps: a meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2013; 14(13):1337–47. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70509-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mason S.E., Poynter L., Takats Z., Darzi A., Kinross J.M. Optical Technologies for Endoscopic RealTime Histologic Assessment of Colorectal Polyps: A MetaAnalysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019;114(8):1219–30. DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000156</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mason S.E., Poynter L., Takats Z., Darzi A., Kinross J.M. Optical Technologies for Endoscopic RealTime Histologic Assessment of Colorectal Polyps: A MetaAnalysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019;114(8):1219–30. DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000156</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khoo P., Mittar S., Kasaragod D., Lu Z., Matcher S.J. Depth-resolved dynamics of aceto-whitening in rabbit cornea studied by 1300nm optical coherence tomography. STM. 2015;7(1):52–9. DOI: 10.17691/stm2015.7.1.07</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khoo P., Mittar S., Kasaragod D., Lu Z., Matcher S.J. Depth-resolved dynamics of aceto-whitening in rabbit cornea studied by 1300nm optical coherence tomography. STM. 2015;7(1):52–9. DOI: 10.17691/stm2015.7.1.07</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maddox P., Szarewski A., Dyson J., Cuzick J. Cytokeratin expression and acetowhite change in cervical epithelium. J Clin Pathol. 1994;47(1):15–7. DOI: 10.1136/ jcp.47.1.15</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maddox P., Szarewski A., Dyson J., Cuzick J. Cytokeratin expression and acetowhite change in cervical epithelium. J Clin Pathol. 1994;47(1):15–7. DOI: 10.1136/ jcp.47.1.15</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamada S., Wirtz D., Coulombe P.A. Pairwise assembly determines the intrinsic potential for self-organization and mechanical properties of keratin filaments. Mol Biol Cell. 2002;13(1):382–91. DOI: 10.1091/mbc.01-10-0522</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamada S., Wirtz D., Coulombe P.A. Pairwise assembly determines the intrinsic potential for self-organization and mechanical properties of keratin filaments. Mol Biol Cell. 2002;13(1):382–91. DOI: 10.1091/mbc.01-10-0522</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Balas C., Papoutsoglou G., Potirakis A. In vivo molecular imaging of cervical neoplasia using acetic acid as biomarker. IEEE J Select Topics Quantum Electron. 2008;14(1):29–42 DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2007.913396</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balas C., Papoutsoglou G., Potirakis A. In vivo molecular imaging of cervical neoplasia using acetic acid as biomarker. IEEE J Select Topics Quantum Electron. 2008;14(1):29–42 DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2007.913396</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Longcroft-Wheaton G., Brown J., Basford P., Cowlishaw D., Higgins B., Bhandari P. Duration of acetowhitening as a novel objective tool for diagnosing high risk neoplasia in Barrett’s esophagus: a prospective cohort trial. Endoscopy. 2013;45(6):426–32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Longcroft-Wheaton G., Brown J., Basford P., Cowlishaw D., Higgins B., Bhandari P. Duration of acetowhitening as a novel objective tool for diagnosing high risk neoplasia in Barrett’s esophagus: a prospective cohort trial. Endoscopy. 2013;45(6):426–32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu T.T., Qu J., Cheung T.H., Yim S.F., Wong Y.F. Study of dynamic process of acetic acid induced-whitening in epithelial tissues at cellular level. Opt Express. 2005;13(13):4963–73. DOI: 10.1364/opex.13.004963</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu T.T., Qu J., Cheung T.H., Yim S.F., Wong Y.F. Study of dynamic process of acetic acid induced-whitening in epithelial tissues at cellular level. Opt Express. 2005;13(13):4963–73. DOI: 10.1364/opex.13.004963</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
