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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2022-32-2-73-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-652</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ШКОЛА ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИИ, ГЕПАТОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NATIONAL COLLEGE OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, HEPATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные подходы в морфологической диагностике воспалительных заболеваний кишечника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Approaches in the Morphological Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5635-6100</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тертычный</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tertychnyy</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тертычный Александр Семенович* — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры патологической анатомии имени академика А.И. Струкова</p><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr S. Tertychnyy* — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Chair of Pathology named after Acad. A.I. Strukov</p><p>119048, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, bld. 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">atertychnyy@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4683-1953</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахриева</surname><given-names>Х. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhriyeva</surname><given-names>Kh. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахриева Хава Мусаевна — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая кафедрой факультетской терапии медицинского факультета</p><p>386001, Республика Ингушетия, г. Магас, пр. Зязикова, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khava M. Akhrieva — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Chair of Intermediate Therapy, Faculty of Medicine</p><p>386001, Magas, Zyazikova Ave., 7</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1775-3060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коган</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kogan</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коган Евгения Алтаровна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой имени академика А.И. Струкова </p><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenia A. Kogan — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head of A.I. Strukov Chair</p><p>119048, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8, bld. 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kogan_e_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3606-3823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайратьянц</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zayratyants</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зайратьянц Олег Вадимович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой патологической анатомии </p><p>127473, г. Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg V. Zayratyants — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head of the Pathology Department</p><p>127473, Moscow, Delegatskaya str., 20, build. 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6891-0009</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селиванова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selivanova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Селиванова Лилия Сергеевна — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела фундаментальной патоморфологии</p><p>115478, г. Москва, ул. Дмитрия Ульянова, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liliya S. Selivanova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Department of Basic Pathomorphology</p><p>115478, Moscow, Dmitriya Ulyanova str., 11</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский Университет) Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВО «Ингушский государственный университет» Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ingush State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии» &#13;
Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тертычный А.С., Ахриева Х.М., Коган Е.А., Зайратьянц О.В., Селиванова Л.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тертычный А.С., Ахриева Х.М., Коган Е.А., Зайратьянц О.В., Селиванова Л.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tertychnyy A.S., Akhriyeva K.M., Kogan E.A., Zayratyants O.V., Selivanova L.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/652">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/652</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель обзора</title><p>Цель обзора: обобщить основные данные литературы и собственный накопленный практический опыт каждодневной патолого-анатомической диагностики воспалительных заболеваний кишечника (ВЗК) для лучшего представления морфологических особенностей и гистологических заключений.</p></sec><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения. Микроскопическая картина ВЗК часто представлена сочетанием базовых гистологических характеристик, которые могут обнаруживаться при других заболеваниях и лишь в редких случаях могут считаться патогномоничными. Ни один отдельный гистологический признак нельзя использовать изолированно для постановки диагноза язвенного колита или болезни Крона. Диагностическая точность повышается, если учитываются сразу несколько признаков, если анализируются изменения в пределах одного или нескольких отделов кишки, обязательно сопоставление выявленных изменений с клинической картиной заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Представленные этапы морфологического изучения биоптатов у больных с ВЗК и точная характеристика обнаруживаемых изменений помогут увеличить диагностическую ценность изучения илео- и колонобиоптатов, а также улучшить взаимопонимание между гастроэнтерологами и патологоанатомами и как результат межколлегиального взаимодействия — повысят точность постановки диагноза.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the review: to summarize the main data of the literature and our own accumulated practical experience of everyday diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) to better represent the morphological features and histological conclusions.</p><sec><title>Key points</title><p>Key points. The microscopic picture of IBD is often represented by a combination of basic histological characteristics that can be detected in other diseases and only in rare cases can be considered pathognomonic. No single histological feature can be used in isolation to diagnose ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. Diagnostic accuracy is improved if several signs are taken into account at once, if changes within one or more parts of the intestine are analyzed, it is necessary to compare the identified changes with the clinical picture of the disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The presented stages of the morphological study of biopsy specimens in patients with IBD and the exact characteristics of the detected changes will help to increase the diagnostic value of the study of ileo- and colonobiopsies, as well as improve mutual understanding between gastroenterologists and pathologists and, as a result of interaction between specialists, will increase the accuracy of the diagnosis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>воспалительные заболевания кишечника</kwd><kwd>язвенный колит</kwd><kwd>болезнь Крона</kwd><kwd>патологоанатомическая диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>inflammatory bowel disease</kwd><kwd>ulcerative colitis</kwd><kwd>Crohn’s disease</kwd><kwd>pathological diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Р.А. Алексеева О.А., Ачкасов С.И. и др. 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