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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22416/1382-4376-2023-33-2-70-78</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-774</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лазерная субмукозная деструкция в лечении геморроя</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ilaser Submucous Destruction in the Treatment of Hemorrhoids</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4697-2839</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролов Сергей Алексеевич — доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора по научно-образовательной работе.</p><p>123423, Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2                                                        </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Frolov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Deputy Director for Scientific and Educational work, Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilya str., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@gnck.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6679-1843</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вышегородцев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyshegorodtsev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вышегородцев Дмитрий Вячеславович — доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделом малоинвазивной колопроктологии и стационарозамещающих технологий.</p><p>123423, Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Vyshegorodtsev — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Chief of the Department of Minimally Invasive Coloproctology and Inpatient Replacement Technologies, Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilya str., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@gnck.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7544-4752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьминов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzminov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузьминов Александр Михайлович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела малоинвазивной колопроктологии и стационарозамещающих технологий.</p><p>123423, Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr M. Kuzminov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head of the Department of Minimally Invasive Coloproctology and Inpatient Replacement Technologies, Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilya str., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">9249591@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8403-195X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трубачева</surname><given-names>Ю. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trubacheva</surname><given-names>Yu. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трубачева Юлия Леонидовна — доктор медицинских наук, руководитель отдела ультразвуковой диагностики.</p><p>123423, Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya L. Trubacheva — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Ultrasound Diagnostics Department, Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilya str., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@gnck.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2619-5929</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королик</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korolik</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Королик Вячеслав Юрьевич — кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник отдела малоинвазивной колопроктологии и стационарзамещающих технологий.</p><p>123423, Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav Yu. Korolik — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Researcher of the Department of Minimally Invasive Coloproctology and Inpatient Replacement Technologies, Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilya str., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.korolik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-052X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богормистров</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogormistrov</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богормистров Илья Сергеевич — кандидат медицинских наук, врач-колопроктолог.</p><p>123423, Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya S. Bogormistrov — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Coloproctologist, Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilya str., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.bogormistrov@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9219-6976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhin</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мухин Иван Анатольевич — врач-колопроктолог.</p><p>123423, Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Mukhin — Physician, Research Consultation Clinic, Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilya str., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">docmukhin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8755-6148</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рындин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryndin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рындин Арсений Николаевич — ординатор кафедры колопроктологии.</p><p>123423, Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arseniy N. Ryndin — Resident of the Department of Coloproctology, Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilya str., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.n.ryndin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4201-2208</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анарбаева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anarbaeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анарбаева Акбермет Алмазбековна — ординатор кафедры колопроктологии.</p><p>123423, Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akbermet A. Anarbaeva — Resident of the Department of Coloproctology, Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology.</p><p>123423, Moscow, Salyama Adilya str., 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.bermet_98@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр колопроктологии имени А.Н. Рыжих» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фролов С.А., Вышегородцев Д.В., Кузьминов А.М., Трубачева Ю.Л., Королик В.Ю., Богормистров И.С., Мухин И.А., Рындин А.Н., Анарбаева А.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фролов С.А., Вышегородцев Д.В., Кузьминов А.М., Трубачева Ю.Л., Королик В.Ю., Богормистров И.С., Мухин И.А., Рындин А.Н., Анарбаева А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Frolov S.A., Vyshegorodtsev D.V., Kuzminov A.M., Trubacheva Y.L., Korolik V.Y., Bogormistrov I.S., Mukhin I.A., Ryndin A.N., Anarbaeva A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/774">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/774</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: улучшить результаты лечения пациентов с геморроем 2-й и 3-й стадий.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В проспективное исследование включены 60 пациентов с геморроем 2-й и 3-й стадий. Всем пациентам выполнена деструкция внутренних геморроидальных узлов волоконным лазером с диодной накачкой с длиной волны 1940 нм. Методика основана на воздействии лазерной энергии на кавернозную ткань внутреннего геморроидального узла и на конечные ветви верхней прямокишечной артерии. Эффективность деструкции внутренних геморроидальных узлов оценивали с помощью аноскопии, измерения размеров внутренних геморроидальных узлов, трансректального ультразвукового исследования с допплерографией, также оценивалась частота развития рецидивов заболевания. Проведен анализ интенсивности послеоперационного болевого синдрома, оценка количества использованных нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов в раннем послеоперационном периоде и качества жизни по шкале SF-36. С целью определения возможного воздействия лазерного излучения на запирательный аппарат прямой кишки всем пациентам выполнена сфинктерометрия. Для оценки возможных причин развития осложнений был выполнен однофакторный анализ количества энергии, переданной на каждый геморроидальный узел, и общего количества энергии, затраченной на операцию.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. К 7-му дню после операции болевой синдром по визуальной аналоговой шкале у 43 (75,4 %) пациентов соответствовал 0 баллов. У 3 (5 %) пациентов развились интраоперационные кровотечения. В раннем послеоперационном периоде у 5 (8,3 %) пациентов возникло 7 осложнений: 5 случаев тромбоза наружных геморроидальных узлов и 2 случая острой задержки мочеиспускания. Проведенный однофакторный анализ показал зависимость развития осложнений от количества энергии, переданной на каждый геморроидальный узел, и ее общего количества за всю операцию. В сроки до 6 месяцев ни в одном случае не было признаков рецидива заболевания (выпадение геморроидальных узлов и выделение крови). Выявляемые до операции геморроидальные узлы уже через месяц после операции не визуализировались, что сохранялось и через 6 месяцев. Выполненное трансректальное ультразвуковое исследование со спектрально-волновой допплерографией в сроки до 6 месяцев позволило диагностировать стойкое снижение показателей кровотока по конечным ветвям верхней прямокишечной артерии по сравнению с дооперационными величинами. При выполнении сфинктерометрии не отмечено изменения параметров функции анальных сфинктеров по сравнению с дооперационными показателями.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Предложенный нами метод с использованием волоконного лазера с диодной накачкой с длиной волны 1940 нм дает возможность трансдермально воздействовать на внутренний геморроидальный узел без повреждения слизистой оболочки анального канала. Отсутствие послеоперационных ран в анальном канале приводит к снижению болевого синдрома и уже к 7-му дню после операции — к отсутствию клинических проявлений геморроидальной болезни. Метод лазерной деструкции внутренних геморроидальных узлов может быть использован в амбулаторных условиях и позволяет улучшить качество жизни пациентов в раннем послеоперационном периоде.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to improve the results of treatment in patients with hemorrhoids of the 2nd and 3rd stages.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The prospective study included 60 patients with hemorrhoids of the 2nd and 3rd stages. All patients underwent destruction of internal hemorrhoids with a fiber laser with a diode pump with a wavelength of 1940 nm. The technique is based on the effect of laser energy on the cavernous tissue of the internal hemorrhoidal node and on the terminal branches of the upper rectal artery. The efficiency of the destruction of internal hemorrhoids and the frequency of relapses of the disease were evaluated. The effectiveness of the proposed method was evaluated using anoscopy, measurement of the size of internal hemorrhoidal nodes, transrectal ultrasound with dopplerography. The analysis of the intensity of the pain syndrome, the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the assessment of the quality of life on the SF-36 scale was carried out. Sphincterometry was performed in all patients to determine the possible effect of laser radiation on the rectal locking apparatus. To assess the possible causes of complications, a single-factor analysis of the amount of energy transferred to each hemorrhoidal node and the total amount of energy spent on the operation was conducted.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In all patients, by day 7 after surgery, the pain syndrome in 43 patients (75.4 %) corresponded to 0 points according to VAS. In 3 patients (5 %) intraoperative hemorrhage developed. In the early postoperative period, 5 patients (8.3 %) had 7 complications: 5 cases of thrombosis of the external hemorrhoidal node and 2 — of acute urinary retention. The conducted single-factor analysis showed the dependence of the development of complications on the energy transferred to each hemorrhoidal node and its total amount for the entire operation. In terms of up to 6 months, there were no signs of a return of the disease in any case (hemorrhoidal prolapse and blood discharge). The detected hemorrhoids before the operation, a month after the operation, were not visualized, which persisted after 6 months. The performed transrectal ultrasound examination with spectral-wave dopplerography for up to 6 months allowed to diagnose a persistent decrease in blood flow along the terminal branches of the upper rectal artery compared with preoperative values. When performed sphincterometry, there was no change in the parameters of the anal sphincter function compared to preoperative parameters.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The proposed method applying a fiber laser with a diode pump with a wavelength of 1940 nm makes it possible to affect transdermally the internal hemorrhoidal node without damaging the mucosa of the anal canal. The absence of postoperative wounds in the anal canal leads to a decrease in pain syndrome, and by day 7 there are no clinical manifestations of hemorrhoids. The method of laser destruction of internal hemorrhoids can be used in outpatient conditions and can improve the quality of life of patients in the early postoperative period.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>геморрой</kwd><kwd>лазерная деструкция</kwd><kwd>малоинвазивные методы лечения геморроя</kwd><kwd>лазерная геморроидопластика</kwd><kwd>лазер</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hemorrhoids</kwd><kwd>laser destruction</kwd><kwd>minimally invasive methods of hemorrhoid treatment</kwd><kwd>laser hemorrhoidoplasty</kwd><kwd>laser</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang J.Y., Chang-Chien C.R., Chen J.S., Lai C.R., Tang R.P. The role of lasers in hemorrhoidectomy. Dis Colon Rectum. 1991;34(1):78-82. 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