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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gastro-j</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1382-4376</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-6673</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«Gastro» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gastro-j-980</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИИ И ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LECTURES AND REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синдром раздраженного кишечника: патофизиологические и клинические аспекты проблемы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Irritable bowel syndrome: pathophysiological and clinical issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашкин</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashkin</surname><given-names>V. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полуэктова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poluektova</surname><given-names>Ye. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полуэктова Елена Александровна – кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник НОКЦ «Инновационной терапии», врач-терапевт отделения хронических заболеваний кишечника и поджелудочной железы </p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Poluektova Yelena A – MD, leading research associate, Scientific and educational clinical center of innovative therapy, physician of department of chronic bowel and pancreatic diseases</p><p>119991, Moscow, Pogodinskaya street, 1, bld 1</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polouektova@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State educational government-financed institution of higher professional education «Sechenov First Moscow state medical university», Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ивашкин В.Т., Полуэктова Е.А., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ивашкин В.Т., Полуэктова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivashkin V.T., Poluektova Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/980">https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/980</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель обзора. Рассмотреть спорные вопросы, касающиеся этиологии, патогенеза, клинических проявлений и дифференциальной диагностики синдрома раздраженного кишечника (СРК).Основные положения. В настоящее время у пациентов, страдающих синдромом раздраженного кишечника, выявлен ряд взаимосвязанных друг с другом структурных изменений, выстраивающихся в логическую цепочку, завершением которой может служить формирование симптомов заболевания. Однако остается не вполне понятным, определяют ли они тяжесть и характер течения заболевания, недостаточно ясна также степень участия каждого из основных изученных патогенетических механизмов в формировании симптомов у конкретного пациента. Многолетний анализ клинических проявлений СРК не привел к созданию четких диагностических критериев в силу как объективных причин (частое, до 87%, сочетание различных функциональных расстройств), так и вследствие возможной идентичности жалоб у пациентов, страдающих СРК, клостридиальной инфекцией, микроскопическим колитом, целиакией. Недостаточно полная изученность этиологии, патогенеза, клинической картины определяет невысокую эффективность лечения таких больных.Заключение. Дальнейшие исследования отдельных этиологических, патогенетических факторов, более четкое проведение дифференциального диагноза СРК позволит оптимизировать лечение пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The aim of review</title><p>The aim of review. To discuss the issues of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation and differential diagnostics of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).</p></sec><sec><title>Summary</title><p>Summary. At irritable bowel syndrome there are series of structural changes interconnected with each other, built into logic chain, that ends by development of symptoms. However it remains not quite clear, whether they determine severity and origin of clinical symptoms, as well as the degree of involvement of each of the basic known pathogenic mechanisms in development of symptoms in given patient is insufficiently clear. The long-term analysis of IBS symptoms has not led to development of clear diagnostic criteria due to both objective causes (frequent, up to 87% combination of various functional disorders) and due to possible identity of complaints in patients to IBS, clostridial infection, microscopic colitis, celiac sprue. Lack of scrutiny of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation determines low treatment efficacy of such patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Treatment of patients will allow to optimize further investigations of certain etiological, pathogenic factors, to carry out differential diagnostics of IBS more clearly.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром раздраженного кишечника</kwd><kwd>римские критерии</kwd><kwd>кишечный микробиом</kwd><kwd>цитокиновый профиль</kwd><kwd>центральная и периферическая сенситизация</kwd><kwd>эмоциональные нарушения</kwd><kwd>личностные особенности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>irritable bowel syndrome</kwd><kwd>Rome criteria</kwd><kwd>intestinal microbiome</kwd><kwd>cytokine profile</kwd><kwd>central and peripheral sensitization</kwd><kwd>emotional disorders</kwd><kwd>personality features</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белхушет С. 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