Physiological mechanisms of absorption in the intestine. Basic groups of substances
Abstract
The aim of the publication. To discuss physiological mechanisms of absorption in a gastro-intestinal tract.
Original positions. Mechanisms of transport of nutrients and other substances across mucosa of the gut are analyzed. Mechanisms of coupled transport of glucose, aminoacids and sodium – models of common transporter (that seems to be improbable) and common canal are considered. Two-channel model of sodium and glucose transport looks the most probable.
Conclusion. The comprehension of mechanisms Na+-dependent absorption of glucose and aminoacids allows to prove scientifically, first, application of a well known drug for relief of secretory diarrhea, second, forms a basis for development of pharmaceuticals, capable to be absorbed efficiently through Na+- dependent transporters for aminoacids, third, promotes search of strategies increasing rate of absorption of medicines. Registration of spectrums of Na+-dependent absorption of nutrients in the small intestine is a key to comprehension of malabsorption role in development of several diseases.
Keywords
absorption,
ions,
sodium,
nutrients,
fats,
vitamins,
water,
gastro-intestinal tract,
simple diffusion,
facilitated diffusion,
osmosis,
filtration,
pericellular transport,
active transport,
conjugated transport,
secondary-energized transport,
spectrum of absorption,
endocytosis,
transcytosis,
Р-glycoprotein
About the Author
S. T. Metelsky
Научно-исследовательский институт общей патологии и патофизиологии РАМН
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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Review
For citations:
Metelsky S.T. Physiological mechanisms of absorption in the intestine. Basic groups of substances. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2009;19(4):55-61. (In Russ.)
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