Хирургическое лечение выпадения прямой кишки (история вопроса и современный взгляд)

Цель обзора: проанализировать данные по наиболее распространенным хирургическим вмешательствам по поводу выпадения прямой кишки.

Основные положения. В настоящее время существует более 100 способов хирургической коррекции выпадения прямой кишки, которые выполняются с использованием промежностного либо трансабдоминального доступа. Операции промежностным доступом чаще всего применяются у пациентов старшей возрастной группы с тяжелыми сопутствующими заболеваниями, а также при рецидиве выпадения прямой кишки. В остальных случаях преимущественным является трансабдоминальный доступ хирургических вмешательств. В настоящее время наиболее популярной операцией является лапароскопическая ректо(кольпо)-сакропексия.

Заключение. Важно учитывать, что синдром опущения промежности сопровождается разнообразной клинической симптоматикой, в связи с этим пациенты с выпадением прямой кишки требуют индивидуального подхода. Недооценка указанных обстоятельств может привести к неблагоприятному функциональному результату лечения и рецидиву выпадения прямой кишки.

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