Effect of some oligopeptides on immune structures of lymph follicles of small intestine (experimental study)

Aim of investigation. To study a structure of functionally active zones of lymph patches of small intestine, their cellular composition and cytoarchitectonics, contents of peripheral blood units in a state of emotional stress (ES), and also after preliminary injection of deltasleep inducing peptide (DSIP) and semax (ACTH 4–10 synthetic analogue).

Stuff and methods. The microtopography of lymph patches of small intestine and smears of peripheral blood of 104 Wistar rats (experimental and control groups) with various types of individual stress resistance were studied. The «open field» test was applied preliminarily, that allowed to divide animals according to resistance to stressful stimuli. Rats have been killed by decapitation method within 1 h after exposure to ES. Microscopical anatomy of functionally active zones of lymph patches of small intestine was studied by modern and immunohistochemical methods.

Results. It was revealed, that injections of DSIP and semax have a stress-limiting action on macrophageal, proliferative and destructive processes in functionally active zones of spleen and lymphoid patches of small intestine. Contents of small lymphocytes at germinal centers of lymphoid patches after 1-hour stress exposure in resistant and predisposed experimental rats dropped respectively 1,2 and 1,4 times in comparison to results in control groups. At stress-resistant rats in germinal centers of small intestine lymphoid patches at injection of semax after 1-hour stress exposure value of this parameter basically did not change and was 58% (57% – in the control group). At the predisposed rats, that experienced ES with preliminary semax injection, contents of small lymphocytes slightly increased in comparison to controls and was equal to 64,8% (60,0% – in the control group). Injection of stress-limiting oligopeptides (DSIP and semax) promoted decrease of stress-induced changes of lymphoid cells in peripheral blood, and also in lymphoid tissue of spleen and small intestine lymph patches.

Conclusions. Obtained data can be applied at treatment of diseases of gastro-intestinal tract, immune system, and also at treatment and prophylaxis of various stress-related states. Study results allow to estimate compensatory potentials of immune organs at exposure to ES (for example, at erosions and stressful ulcers of gastric and duodenal mucosa), and also can be helpful in clinical practice of gastroenterologist, allergist, immunologist. Basing on these results, it is possible to recommend application of DSIP and semax for treatment and prophylaxes of various stress-induced states.

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