Роль кишечной микробиоты и ее метаболитов в патогенезе неалкогольной жировой болезни печени

Цель обзора: представить информацию о результатах последних научных исследований в области метаболомного профилирования при неалкогольной жировой болезни печени (НАЖБП).

Основные положения. Метаболиты микробного происхождения являются важными биологическими молекулами, участвующими во многих специфических реакциях организма человека. В данном обзоре литературы представлены результаты последних исследований в области метаболомики у пациентов с НАЖБП. Более детальное понимание роли отдельно взятых метаболитов или же их совокупности в патогенезе НАЖБП позволит определить вектор дальнейших диагностических и терапевтических подходов для этой нозологии.

Обсуждаются результаты исследований влияния пробиотиков на уровень тех или иных метаболитов.

Заключение. Представлены новые данные исследований в области изучения метаболомного профиля человека. Результаты позволяют суммировать эффекты микробных агентов и их метаболитов в процессе формирования изменений паренхимы печени в рамках НАЖБП. Описаны изменения уровня эндогенного этанола, вторичных желчных кислот, ароматических аминокислот, аминокислот с разветвленной цепью и пр. Выявлена корреляция метаболитов с определенными штаммами бактерий. На фоне приема пробиотиков отмечена корреляция соотношения типов бактерий и клинико-лабораторных показателей у пациентов.

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