Современные представления о роли torque teno virus (TTV) при заболеваниях печени

Цель обзора. Обзор посвящен анализу данных литературы по torque teno virus (вирус TT, TTV), открытому в конце XX столетия.

Основные положения: TTV часто обнаруживают у пациентов с различными вирусными гепатитами, гепатитами без явного вирусного агента, а также у здорового населения. Имеются отдельные данные о биохимических и гистологических изменениях в ткани печени и эпителии желчных протоков при моноинфицировании TTV, подтверждающие возможность прохождения вирусом репликативного цикла в гепатоцитах. Наряду с этим при проведении гибридизации в клетках, пораженных вирусом ТТ, не было отмечено существенных цитопатических (повреждающих клетки) эффектов, характерных для патогенных гепатотропных вирусов. По мере изучения TTV происходила эволюция взглядов на роль вируса для человека. Первые представления о гепатотропности вируса постепенно изменялись по мере получения новых данных о распространенности вируса и его коинфекции с другими вирусами, в том числе вирусами известных гепатитов. Данные о политропизме TTV опровергают возможность его отнесения исключительно к вирусам гепатита. Высокая распространенность вируса ТТ в человеческой популяции указывает на его персистенцию в организме в составе ви-рома и свидетельствует в пользу его непатогенности. Предлагается использовать уровень ДНК TTV в крови пациентов перед трансплантацией органов в качестве эндогенного маркера иммунного статуса организма. Выводы: Высокая распространенность вируса ТТ в человеческой популяции указывает на его персистенцию в организме в составе вирома. Редкое выявление повреждающего действия TTV на клетки печени и эпителиоциты желчных протоков может косвенно свидетельствовать о его условно-патогенных свойствах. 

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